Feng Fu, Huo Dewang, Zhang Ziyang, Lou Yijie, Wang Shengyao, Gu Zhijuan, Liu Dongsheng, Duan Xinhui, Wang Daqian, Liu Xiaowei, Qi Ji, Yu Shaoliang, Du Qingyang, Chen Guangyong, Lu Cuicui, Yu Yu, Ren Xi-Feng, Yuan Xiaocong
Author Affiliations
Zhejiang LabWestlake UniversityBeijing Institute of TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology of Chinashow less
Abstract
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has fostered a symbiotic relationship with photonics, driving innovation in both fields. AI's deep learning methods and intelligent algorithms have revolutionized the design of complex photonic structures and the discovery of novel materials, such as those used in photovoltaics, enhancing light absorption and efficiency. AI has also improved optical imaging performance and transformed optical communication systems by optimizing signal processing and increasing bandwidth reliability. On the other hand, photonics plays a pivotal role in advancing AI hardware. Photonic neural networks, with their high speed and parallel processing capabilities, significantly improve AI computations in terms of speed and energy efficiency. Additionally, advances in optical sensors and imaging technologies enhance AI applications, particularly in autonomous vehicles and medical imaging. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the state-of-the-art at the intersection of AI and photonics, exploring their multifaceted interactions. We highlight how AI has become essential for photonics development and how photonics accelerates AI advancements. Through case studies, we address key challenges and propose future research directions to fully harness the potential of this interdisciplinary approach for groundbreaking innovations.