Latent fingerprints (LFPs) at the crime scene are served as important clues to locate the trajectory of criminal behavior and portray the characteristics of the suspect. Therefore, visualizing LFPs is of considerable significance. In this work, the europium metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF) sensor was successfully constructed for sensitive detection of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, GA) and visualization of the sweat LFPs. The boric-acid-modified Eu-MOF was prepared by using the simple one-pot solvothermal method using Eu as the metal ion center and 3,5-dicarboxybenzeneboronic acid (BBDC) as the organic ligand. The sensor showed desirable photoluminescent performance through the chelating of BBDC with Eu3+. The sensor exhibited the satisfactory linear relationship to GA in the range of 1 nM to 20 nM with a low detection limit of 0.34 nM under the optimized conditions. The prepared sensor with ideal selectivity to GA was successfully applied for visualizing LFPs on porous substrates with the high contrast and superior stability. Given the good performance of the sensor, all fingerprint images obtained from 1 200 samples presented clear friction ridges and met the identification criteria. Notably, the sensor had less impact on the subsequent deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) detection, displaying a promising perspective for applications in extracting physical evidence of site investigation.