In order to study the radiation shielding design of piezoelectric acceleration sensor for nuclear power, the Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP) software is used in this paper, aiming at the fission neutron spectrum and gamma spectrum released during the operation of the reactor. Two shielding modes are proposed, which are lead polyethylene lead multilayer combination and Fe+W+B4C composite, while considering the service temperature, radiation resistance, cost, shielding effect and other factors. The results show that the combination of Pb (10 cm)+PE (15 cm)+Pb (5 cm) can be used when the service time is relatively short, the radiation dose of the shield is not strong, and the service temperature is less than the service temperature of PE. The combination of 60%Fe+30%W+10%B4C can be considered when both of the radiation dose to the shield and the service temperature are very high.