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2024
Volume: 43 Issue 4
42 Article(s)
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Development Status of Airflow Field Simulation in Synthetic Quartz Glass Furnace at Home and Abroad
ZHOU Jianxin, NIE Lanjian, WANG Hui, JIA Yanan, WEI Jin, and LIU Ruiwang
In the production process of synthetic quartz glass, the design of furnace and distribution and control of airflow field inside furnace affect the uniformity and temperature distribution of synthetic quartz glass, further affecting the physical properties and chemical composition uniformity of synthetic quartz glass. TIn the production process of synthetic quartz glass, the design of furnace and distribution and control of airflow field inside furnace affect the uniformity and temperature distribution of synthetic quartz glass, further affecting the physical properties and chemical composition uniformity of synthetic quartz glass. Therefore, the stability of airflow field inside furnace plays an important role in improving and synthesizing the production efficiency of synthetic quartz glass. The characteristics and related applications of synthetic quartz glass were introduced. In response to current problems of high temperature in furnace and inability to be tested, based on the research status of airflow field simulation at home and abroad, the current research progress in airflow simulation methods, simulation models and numerical calculation techniques were summarized. By comparing and analyzing various simulation methods and models, the application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method in the preparation of synthetic quartz glass was summarized. The development direction of multi physics field coupling applications was proposed, laying the foundation for optimizing the preparation process and product quality of synthetic quartz glass..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 123 (2024)
Research Progress of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 System Glass-Ceramics
REN Beibei, LIU Yaxin, HUANG Xin, WANG Ting, WANG Na, JIANG Hong, XIONG Chunrong, and HAO Hongxun
Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS) system glass-ceramics is widely used in national defense, architecture, chemical industry, biomedicine and other fields due to its low thermal expansion coefficient, high transparency, excellent mechanical properties and other characteristics. In recent years, it has received extensive attention fLi2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS) system glass-ceramics is widely used in national defense, architecture, chemical industry, biomedicine and other fields due to its low thermal expansion coefficient, high transparency, excellent mechanical properties and other characteristics. In recent years, it has received extensive attention from researchers. This article summarizes the current research status of LAS glass-ceramics, introduces the LAS crystal phase system and related glass products, compares and analyzes the characteristics of various preparation processes of LAS glass-ceramics, and discusses the types of LAS glass-ceramics nucleating agents and their nucleation mechanisms. Finally, the properties, applications, corresponding characterization techniques and testing methods of LAS glass-ceramics are summarized, and the existing problems and future development trends of LAS glass-ceramics are pointed out..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1181 (2024)
Research Progress of Ultra-Thin Metal Based Electromagnetic Shielding Glass
HOU Huanran, SHI Xiaofei, JIN Yangli, WANG Yanhang, LI Yuanyuan, and ZU Chengkui
Electromagnetic shielding glass is an important application material in the fields of national defense and people’s livelihood. However, it is difficult to synchronously improve the electromagnetic and optical properties of the electromagnetic shielding glass. Ultra-thin metal based transparent electromagnetic shieldinElectromagnetic shielding glass is an important application material in the fields of national defense and people’s livelihood. However, it is difficult to synchronously improve the electromagnetic and optical properties of the electromagnetic shielding glass. Ultra-thin metal based transparent electromagnetic shielding film is a common functional material in the field of electromagnetic shielding glass. In this paper, the shielding design principle of ultra-thin metal based transparent electromagnetic shielding glass is described in detail. The methods of reducing the threshold thickness of ultra-thin metal film are reviewed. The optical and electromagnetic shielding properties of ultra-thin metal based electromagnetic shielding glass with different structures in recent years are reviewed. The future development trend of electromagnetic shielding glass is discussed..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1197 (2024)
Research Progress and Development Trend of Photovoltaic Coated Glass
ZHU Xiaogang, HUANG Yanping, HUANG Wenhao, LU Jiayan, and LIU Yi
Photovoltaic coated glass refers to the preparation of one layer or multi-layer film on the glass substrate to reduce reflection, improve transmittance, and improve optical performance and environmental aging resistance, so as to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. In this paper, the basic Photovoltaic coated glass refers to the preparation of one layer or multi-layer film on the glass substrate to reduce reflection, improve transmittance, and improve optical performance and environmental aging resistance, so as to improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules. In this paper, the basic principle of photovoltaic coated glass is introduced, and the optical properties and microstructure differences of different products are analyzed by comparing film structure, film thickness, porosity and other factors of typical products. Combined with market demand and cutting-edge technology, the development trend of photovoltaic coated glass is discussed from the perspectives of multi-functionalization, sheeting, customization, and environmental protection. The application under extreme environmental conditions such as the marine environment also poses new challenges to photovoltaic coated glass. The relevant results can provide reference and basis for the production and research of photovoltaic coated glass, and also provide ideas for product development and market expansion..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1211 (2024)
Application Progress of High-Throughput and Efficient Preparation Technology in Inorganic Glass Materials
ZHAO Ming, LANG Yudong, ZHAO Ziyu, LIU Xin, ZHAO Qian, and CHEN Yang
As one of the three major elements of the materials genome, high-throughput technologies for materials aim to change the traditional sequential iterative methods in material research into parallel or efficient serial experiments through high-throughput preparation and characterization, thereby accelerating the efficienAs one of the three major elements of the materials genome, high-throughput technologies for materials aim to change the traditional sequential iterative methods in material research into parallel or efficient serial experiments through high-throughput preparation and characterization, thereby accelerating the efficient screening and optimization of materials. Functional inorganic glass materials are a typical class of amorphous materials that have attracted attention in high-tech fields due to their special and excellent properties. The composition of inorganic glass materials often consists of multiple components. The optimization of traditional inorganic glass material is usually based on "one furnace, one crucible" preparation mode, which has the drawbacks of lengthy trial cycles and low efficiency. Therefore, it has great theoretical and practical significance to introduce high-throughput preparation methods and concepts into the development and optimization of new glass materials. This article summarizes the high-throughput and efficient preparation technologies that may be suitable for inorganic glass materials in existing technologies and analyzes the feasibility and directions for improvement of each technology in the application of inorganic glass materials, so as to provide certain references for the future high-throughput preparation of inorganic glass materials..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1219 (2024)
Research Progress of Single Point Diamond Turning Technology for Chalcogenide Glass
ZHOU Peng, LIU Yonghua, ZHAO Hua, and ZHANG Jiaying
Chalcogenide glass is an infrared optical element which is widely used and difficult to process. Single point diamond turning technology not only has high processing quality, but also can effectively avoid the reduction of surface shape accuracy caused by abrasive embedded in optical elements. It is suitable for ultra-Chalcogenide glass is an infrared optical element which is widely used and difficult to process. Single point diamond turning technology not only has high processing quality, but also can effectively avoid the reduction of surface shape accuracy caused by abrasive embedded in optical elements. It is suitable for ultra-precision machining of small-caliber and large-volume chalcogenide glass lenses. In this paper, the principle and conditions of single point diamond turning of chalcogenide glass are introduced. The influences of machine tools, tools and processing technology on surface shape accuracy and surface finish in single point diamond turning processing of chalcogenide glass is reviewed..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1237 (2024)
Numerical Simulation of Effects of Top/Side Firing Methods on Temperature and Flow Fields of Oxygen-Fuel Glass Fiber Furnace
ZENG Jianhua, CHEN Dequan, LI Haoran, HAN Jianjun, WANG Jing, and LI Luyao
To optimize the combustion system of oxygen-fuel glass fiber furnace and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the furnace, this paper uses numerical simulation methods to investigate the effects of two combustion methods, the top firing furnace and the side firing furnace, on the temperature field within the combustTo optimize the combustion system of oxygen-fuel glass fiber furnace and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the furnace, this paper uses numerical simulation methods to investigate the effects of two combustion methods, the top firing furnace and the side firing furnace, on the temperature field within the combustion space, flue gas flow field, glass temperature field, and heat transfer efficiency of oxygen-fuel glass fiber furnace. The results indicate that， the flame of the top firing furnace is concentrated, resulting in pronounced temperature variations within the combustion space. In contrast, the side firing furnace features flames uniformly distributed along the length of the furnace. As a consequence, the overall temperature of the combustion space in the side firing furnace is higher than that in the top firing furnace. The side firing method is more likely to result in a higher degree of high-temperature corrosion on the refractory materials of the crown and breast wall. The prolonged presence of high-temperature flue gas in the combustion space of the side firing furnace is advantageous for facilitating heat exchange between the flue gas and the airflow, as well as refractory materials within the combustion space. The statistical analysis reveals that the side firing furnace exhibits a lower average flue gas temperature at its exits. The side firing furnace demonstrates a more uniform temperature distribution of molten glass along the width of the furnace. The average temperature of the molten glass in the top firing furnace is 1 531 ℃, exceeding the average temperature of 1 523 ℃ observed in the side firing furnace. The top firing furnace exhibits a heat transfer efficiency of 52.3%, surpassing the heat transfer efficiency of 51.9% observed in the side firing furnace. This implies that, under identical conditions of natural gas supply, electrical melting assistance, and molten glass melting capacity, the higher heat transfer efficiency in the top firing furnace is attributed to the direct interaction of the burner flame with the molten glass and batch layer..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1246 (2024)
A Preliminary Study on Composition Optimization of an Industrial Glass-Ceramics Based on Cluster-Plus-Glue-Atom Model
SHANG Kaibo, LI Minghan, LI Junge, MA Yanping, JIANG Hong, ZHAO Yajun, ZHANG Jiliang, and DONG Chuang
The cluster-plus-glue-atom model proposed by our team identifies the structural unit that carriers the composition of any structure. Specifically, for silicate glasses, the composition unit is composed of 16 trivalent-cation {M2O3} and quadrivalent units {Si2O4}. In this work, an industrial glass-ceramic product MT3A wThe cluster-plus-glue-atom model proposed by our team identifies the structural unit that carriers the composition of any structure. Specifically, for silicate glasses, the composition unit is composed of 16 trivalent-cation {M2O3} and quadrivalent units {Si2O4}. In this work, an industrial glass-ceramic product MT3A was optimized by the cluster-plus-glue-atom model, and the glass was prepared and crystallized. Finally, the structure and properties of the sample were characterized. Among the transparent glass-ceramics thus obtained, MT3C and MT3D show optical transmittance of 89% and 92%, flexural strength of 155 and 134 MPa, and hardness of 652 and 655 HV, respectively..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1257 (2024)
Influence of Residual Stress Distribution on Falling Ball Impact Strength of Substrate Glass Studied by Numerical Simulation
ZHU Jingwei, SHU Zhongzhong, JIN Liangmao, CAO Zhiqiang, ZHANG Chong, ZHENG Jijie, LIU Yong, and HAN Gaorong
The falling ball impact strength is a critical indicator of mechanical properties of electronic substrate glass, significantly influenced by residual stress. This study employed finite element methods to numerically simulate the falling ball impact strength of electronic substrate glass under varying residual stress diThe falling ball impact strength is a critical indicator of mechanical properties of electronic substrate glass, significantly influenced by residual stress. This study employed finite element methods to numerically simulate the falling ball impact strength of electronic substrate glass under varying residual stress distribution patterns, paralleled with actual falling ball impact experiments. The results indicate that the numerical simulation can accurately reflect the actual response and fracture morphology of substrate glass in falling ball impact experiment. In numerical simulation, the falling ball impact strength of electronic substrate glass, characterized by the residual mass ratio, exhibits a non-linear relationship with the residual tensile stress in the impacted area. The falling ball impact strength experiences a rapid decline when residual tensile stress exceeds a certain threshold. The residual tensile stress in the impact area significantly amplifies the stress generated by the falling ball impact. A mere 1.0 MPa residual tensile stress could cause the stress generated by the impact to elevate by approximately 10 MPa relative to the situation without residual stress, which is a vital reason for the fall in the falling ball impact strength of electronic substrate glass..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1267 (2024)
Preparation and Dielectric Properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramics
WEI Zhiyang, WANG Xiaodong, SU Teng, CHEN Huanle, GAO Feng, and MIAO Yang
Glass-ceramics with low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss is an important material for the manufacture of low temperature cofired ceramic substrates. CaO-B2O3-SiO2 (CBS) glass-ceramics was prepared by melt-water quenching method, and the effects of m(CaO)/m(SiO2) mass ratio and B2O3 content on the dielectric Glass-ceramics with low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss is an important material for the manufacture of low temperature cofired ceramic substrates. CaO-B2O3-SiO2 (CBS) glass-ceramics was prepared by melt-water quenching method, and the effects of m(CaO)/m(SiO2) mass ratio and B2O3 content on the dielectric properties of CBS glass-ceramics were studied. The results show that the main crystalline phases of CBS glass-ceramics are Ca3Si3O9， Ca2B2O5， CaB2O4， SiO2 and Ca2SiO4. The dielectric constant increases, the dielectric loss decreases first and then increases with the increase of m(CaO)/m(SiO2) mass ratio. The increase of wollastonite phase decreases the dielectric loss from 2.87×10-3 to 1.36×10-3. The dielectric loss increases with the increase of SiO2, Ca2B2O5 and CaB2O4 content. With the increase of B2O3 content, the dielectric constant increases first and then decreases， and the dielectric loss is reversed. When m(CaO)/m(SiO2) mass ratio is 0.89 and B2O3 content is 15%(mass fraction)， the coefficient of thermal expansion is 7.16×10-6℃-1， the dielectric constant is 5.85， and the dielectric loss is 1.37×10-3 (10 GHz) after sintering at 900 ℃ for 3 h..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1274 (2024)
Preparation of Glass-Ceramics by Sintering Selected Smelting Solid Waste of Bayan Obo Mine
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In order to make comprehensive use of solid waste from Bayan Obo Mine, the effects of different raw material ratios on the preparation of glass-ceramics were studied by one-step sintering method with fluorite tailings of Bayan Obo and blast-furnace slag of Baotou Steel as main raw materials. DSC, XRD, SEM, universal teIn order to make comprehensive use of solid waste from Bayan Obo Mine, the effects of different raw material ratios on the preparation of glass-ceramics were studied by one-step sintering method with fluorite tailings of Bayan Obo and blast-furnace slag of Baotou Steel as main raw materials. DSC, XRD, SEM, universal testing machine and multi-channel γ spectrometer were used to characterize and analyze the effects of different raw material ratios on the preparation of glass-ceramics. The results show that the main crystalline phases of glass-ceramics are clinopyroxene, diopside and tridymite when the ratio of raw materials is different. With the increase of the mass ratio of fluorite tailings to blast-furnace slag, the color of glass-ceramics gradually darkens, and the flexural strength increases first and then decreases, then increases and decreases. When the mass ratio of fluorite tailings to blast-furnace slag is 5∶5, the flexural strength of glass-ceramics is the highest, reaching 76.85 MPa, and the main crystalline phase is clinopyroxene and diopside, with uniform grain size and regular arrangement. When the mass ratio of fluorite tailings to blast furnace slag is 2∶8, the glass-ceramics product meet the class B decoration material standard, and when the mass ratio is 3∶7, 5∶5, 6∶4, it meets the class C decoration material standard..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1284 (2024)
Effect of Li2O/Na2O on Structure, Crystallization and Mechanical Properties of YAS Glass-Ceramics
ZHENG Weihong, LIU Guofeng, ZHANG Hao, WANG Qidong, ZHANG Menghao, and YUAN Jian
Transparent glass-ceramics are widely used in the electronic field due to their excellent mechanical properties. Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 (YAS) glass-ceramics with different mass fractions of Li2O and Na2O were prepared by melting method, and the structural characteristics, crystallization and mechanical properties were investiTransparent glass-ceramics are widely used in the electronic field due to their excellent mechanical properties. Y2O3-Al2O3-SiO2 (YAS) glass-ceramics with different mass fractions of Li2O and Na2O were prepared by melting method, and the structural characteristics, crystallization and mechanical properties were investigated by Raman, DSC, XRD, FESEM, UV-VIS-NIR. The results show that when the total content of R2O (R=Li， Na) remains unchanged, the transition temperature, softening temperature and crystallization peak temperature of YAS glass-ceramics decrease as the content of Li2O replacing Na2O increases, the content of structure units Q4 gradually decreases, indicating that Li2O as a network modifier gradually depolymerizes the structure of YAS glass-ceramics and promotes the crystallization ability of glass. It is also found that with the increase of Li2O content, the Vickers hardness of YAS glass-ceramics increases significantly, while the transmittance decreases significantly at the same heat treatment. Under the heat treatment at 680 ℃ for 10 h and 750 ℃ for 1 h, YAS glass-ceramics with uniform crystal size and distribution and yttrium stabilized zirconia as the main crystalline phase can be prepared. At present, YAS glass-ceramics containing 2% (mass fraction，the same below)Na2O and 4% Li2O exhibits favorable overall performance. The Vickers hardness is 646 HV, the fracture toughness is 1.07 MPa·m1/2 and the transmittance is 85.7%, which has great potential for many applications..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1292 (2024)
Effect of Na2O on Crystallization and Properties of Lithium Aluminum Silicate Glass-Ceramics
ZHENG Weihong, WANG Qidong, GAO Zipeng, ZHANG Hao, YUAN Jian, and TIAN Peijing
Transparent lithium aluminum silicon glass-ceramics with different Na2O content was prepared by melting method, and the effect of different Na2O content on the crystallization and properties of the glass were studied by DSC, XRD, FESEM and other test methods. The results show that the introduction of Na2O can significaTransparent lithium aluminum silicon glass-ceramics with different Na2O content was prepared by melting method, and the effect of different Na2O content on the crystallization and properties of the glass were studied by DSC, XRD, FESEM and other test methods. The results show that the introduction of Na2O can significantly reduce the transition temperature and crystallization temperature of glass, and inhibit the precipitation of LiAlSi4O10 crystalline phase. However, the introduction of Na2O leads to the precipitation of a new Li2Si2O5 phase in glass-ceramics, and with the increase of Na2O content, Li2Si2O5 transforms into the main crystal phase. Since the crystal size is in the nanometer range, the change of main crystal phase has little effect on transmittance, and the visible light transmittance of glass-ceramics is higher than 85%. The transition of main crystal phase significantly enhances the mechanical properties of glass-ceramics, and the flexural strength increases from 300 MPa to 331 MPa. The introduction of Na2O effectively enhances the Na-K exchange. When the LAS glass-ceramics with Na2O content of 4% (mass fraction) exchanges in KNO3 molten salt at 410 ℃ for 6 h, the Vickers hardness increases from 7.108 GPa to 7.403 GPa, and the flexural strength increases from 331 MPa to 470 MPa..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1301 (2024)
Effect of Fe2O3 on Phase Structure and Chemical Stability of Cerium-Containing Perovskite Glass-Ceramics
PU Boyang, LIAO Qilong, WANG Fu, GU Yuxin, XU Youli, and ZHU Hanzhen
In this paper, based on the typical SiO2-B2O3-CaO-Na2O-TiO2 borosilicate glass, the cerium-containing perovskite glass-ceramic waste form was prepared by heat treatment crystallization method. The effect of different Fe2O3 content on the phase structure and chemical stability of the waste form was studied by DSC, XRD, In this paper, based on the typical SiO2-B2O3-CaO-Na2O-TiO2 borosilicate glass, the cerium-containing perovskite glass-ceramic waste form was prepared by heat treatment crystallization method. The effect of different Fe2O3 content on the phase structure and chemical stability of the waste form was studied by DSC, XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS and ICP. The results show that with the addition of Fe2O3, the diffraction peak intensity of CeO2 crystal gradually decreases, the uniform of perovskite (CaTiO3) grain distribution shows a trend of increasing first and then decreasing, and the normalized leaching rates of all elements show a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. When the content of Fe2O3 is 6% (mass fraction), the CeO2 crystal disappears, the distribution of grains is the most uniform, and the normalized leaching rate of elements is the lowest. After 28 d, the normalized leaching rates (g·m-2·d-1) of elements in all samples are lower than the order of magnitude of 10-3, indicating that the prepared glass-ceramic waste form has excellent chemical stability. The findings of this research offer theoretical support and experimental guidance for the study of perovskite glass-ceramics solidified high-level liquid waste..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1308 (2024)
Effect of CsCl on Structure and Properties of Ge20Sb10Se65Te5 Glass
ZHANG Baodong, XU Junfeng, ZHAO Hua, ZU Chengkui, LIU Yonghua, ZHANG Yiyi, PAN Feng, and ZHOU Peng
CsCl is the most commonly used nucleating agent for preparing chalcogenide glass-ceramics. In this paper, different content of CsCl was added to Ge20Sb10Se65Te5 glass, and glass samples were prepared by different cooling methods. The effect of CsCl on the structure and properties of Ge20Sb10Se65Te5 glass was studied byCsCl is the most commonly used nucleating agent for preparing chalcogenide glass-ceramics. In this paper, different content of CsCl was added to Ge20Sb10Se65Te5 glass, and glass samples were prepared by different cooling methods. The effect of CsCl on the structure and properties of Ge20Sb10Se65Te5 glass was studied by X-ray diffraction, infrared transmission spectra, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal expansion and Raman spectra. The results show that (100-x)Ge20Sb10Se65Te5-xCsCl(x%=0%， 1%， 2%， 3%， 4%， mass fraction) glass prepared by salt bath cooling has a typical amorphous structure and good infrared transmittance. After adding CsCl into Ge20Sb10Se65Te5 glass, the long-wave cut-off wavelength of the glass has no obvious change, but the average linear expansion coefficient increases obviously. With the increase of CsCl content, the density, micro Vickers hardness, initial crystallization temperature, crystallization peak temperature, yield point and softening point of the glass gradually decrease, and the thermal stability of the glass decreases. With the increase of CsCl content, the content of Sb—Se bond in glass decreases, and the packing degree of the glass structure decreases, which is also the reason for the decrease of the glass density and micro Vickers hardness..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1318 (2024)
Influence Mechanism of Ti Content on Structure and Hydration Activity of Slag-Based Glass
LI Ning, ZHAO Lige, ZHAO Shaowei, WANG Hui, and ZHENG Yongchao
This study selected several types of slag with different titanium content, and subjected them to re-melting and water quenching treatment. Various analytical techniques, such as XRD, DSC, FT-IR and XPS were used to analyze the changes in the amorphous network structures of Al—O, Ti—O and Si—O in slag before and after rThis study selected several types of slag with different titanium content, and subjected them to re-melting and water quenching treatment. Various analytical techniques, such as XRD, DSC, FT-IR and XPS were used to analyze the changes in the amorphous network structures of Al—O, Ti—O and Si—O in slag before and after remelting treatment. The research results show that as the titanium content increases, Al3+ and Ti4+ in the raw slag tend to exist in a highly coordinated form with poor stability, which weakens the resistance of its vitreous structure to thermal changes, manifested by a decrease of glass transition temperature Tg and crystallization temperature Tx. After remelting and rapid cooling, Ti4+ and Al3+ in high-titanium slag tend to exist in a low coordination form with the increase of titanium content. The increase of these network forming bodies leads to an increase in the stability of the vitreous structure, which is manifested by a significant decrease in the activity of the slag in the later stage. This indicates that the performance of slag is not only affected by alkalinity and glass content, but also closely related to the structural changes of the amorphous network..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1325 (2024)
Effect of Gd3+/Ce3+ on Photosensitization of Tb3+ Doped Fluorine Oxide Glass
LIU Ruiwang, WANG Hongjie, FU Bo, JIA Yanan, ZHOU Jianxin, and WEI Jin
Gd/Tb、Gd/Ce、Gd/Ce/Tb doped SiO2-B2O3-BaF2 fluorine oxide glass was prepared by high temperature melting method. The phase of fluorine oxide glass was determined by X-ray diffraction spectrum. The luminescence properties of Tb3+ doped with different Gd2O3 content were studied by the fluorescence spectra of Tb3+ under diGd/Tb、Gd/Ce、Gd/Ce/Tb doped SiO2-B2O3-BaF2 fluorine oxide glass was prepared by high temperature melting method. The phase of fluorine oxide glass was determined by X-ray diffraction spectrum. The luminescence properties of Tb3+ doped with different Gd2O3 content were studied by the fluorescence spectra of Tb3+ under different excitation bands, and the more accurate numerical range of optimal Gd2O3content was determined. Gd/Ce/Tb co-doped fluorine oxide glass was prepared by changing the atmosphere. The sensitization of Gd3+ and Ce3+ to Tb3+ was studied. The results show that the prepared fluorine oxide glass has a stable glassy state. Both Gd3+ and Ce3+sensitize the luminescence of Tb3+, and the sensitization effect is most significant when Gd2O3 content is 7% (molar fration， the same below) compared with other content, and quenching occurs when Gd2O3 content exceeds 7%. Cerium can coexist in Ce3+ and Ce4+ valence states in Ce2O3 doped glass, and it is easier to maintain Ce3+ state when doped in reducing atmosphere than in air atmosphere. Moreover, Ce3+ sensitizes the luminescence of Tb3+, while Ce4+ inhibites the luminescence of Tb3+..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1335 (2024)
Effect of m(ZnO)/m(B2O3) Mass Ratio on Structure, Properties and Wettability of Low Melting Point Sealing Glass Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO
KANG Tao, XIONG Chunrong, FU Youjie, CAI Banghui, WEI Shuguang, LI Junge, and JIANG Hong
Aiming at the performance requirements of vacuum glass sealing, a bismuth-based amorphous lead-free glass powder for vacuum glass sealing was prepared by high temperature melting method. The effects of m(ZnO)/m(B2O3) mass ratio on network structure, characteristic temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion and sealiAiming at the performance requirements of vacuum glass sealing, a bismuth-based amorphous lead-free glass powder for vacuum glass sealing was prepared by high temperature melting method. The effects of m(ZnO)/m(B2O3) mass ratio on network structure, characteristic temperature, coefficient of thermal expansion and sealing temperature of Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO glass were studied by high temperature X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimeter, thermal expansion test and scanning electron microscope. The results show that increasing m(ZnO)/m(B2O3) mass ratio can promote the transformation of zinc-oxygen polyhedron from ［ZnO4］ to ［ZnO6］, resulting in a decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion and an increase in the characteristic temperature. When m(Bi2O3)∶m(B2O3)∶m(ZnO) mass ratio is 80∶7∶13, the glass has lower glass transition temperature Tg (371 ℃) and expansion softening temperature Tf (401 ℃), the coefficient of thermal expansion is 9.3×10-6 ℃-1, and the sealing temperature is 450 ℃, which can meet the requirements of vacuum glass sealing for low melting point sealing glass powder..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1341 (2024)
Effect of Highly Reflective Glaze on Fracture Strength of Solar Photovoltaic Glass with Different Thicknesses
WU Jiangtao, LIU Jin, LIU Lingling, XU Desheng, JIN Feikai, CHENG Yifei, DING Linfeng, and WANG Lianjun
Highly reflective glaze is commonly applied to solar photovoltaic glass to improve photovoltaic conversion efficiency. However, their impact on the fracture strength of solar photovoltaic glass remains inadequately understood. This study quantitatively investigated the effects of thickness (1.55, 1.86 and 2.89 mm), glaHighly reflective glaze is commonly applied to solar photovoltaic glass to improve photovoltaic conversion efficiency. However, their impact on the fracture strength of solar photovoltaic glass remains inadequately understood. This study quantitatively investigated the effects of thickness (1.55, 1.86 and 2.89 mm), glaze type (A and B), loading rate (2, 20, 50 mm/min) and upper indenter force surfaces (glaze and glass) on the fracture strength of solar photovoltaic glass using the ring-on-ring test and the four-point bending test. The results were analyzed using the Weibull distribution. The results show that both types of reflective glaze significantly diminish the fracture strength of solar photovoltaic glass. The ring-on-ring test, which involves contact with the back side of the glaze, demonstrates a remarkable reduction in fracture strength, exceeding 72%, surpassing the reduction observed in the four-point bending strength (26%~46%). Furthermore, a substantial decrease in fracture strength is observed with decreasing glass thickness. For instance, the fracture strength of 2.89 mm fully tempered solar photovoltaic glass with glaze in the four-point bending test measures approximately 104 MPa, whereas the fracture strength of 1.55 and 1.86 mm semi-tempered solar photovoltaic glass is only about 68 and 73 MPa. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal that the primary cause of the reduction in fracture strength of solar photovoltaic glass is the presence of defects, such as micropores in the glaze layer and the solar photovoltaic glass substrate..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1350 (2024)
Chemical Strengthening and Mechanical Properties of Flexible Glass
MAO Jingyi, LIU Bing, GUO Zhenqiang, ZHANG Jiachang, and YUAN Jian
Flexible glass with high bending strength is a remarkable component of flexible electronic displays. However, flexible glass is a brittle material inherently, and its mechanical properties still do not meet the requirements of application. To address this challenge, the application of chemical strengthening stands out Flexible glass with high bending strength is a remarkable component of flexible electronic displays. However, flexible glass is a brittle material inherently, and its mechanical properties still do not meet the requirements of application. To address this challenge, the application of chemical strengthening stands out as a viable approach to significantly bolster scratch resistance and bending strength in flexible glass. 90 μm ultra-thin high-aluminum flexible glass was reinforced in the molten potassium nitrate using a conventional one-step chemical strengthening method. The effect laws of chemical strengthening temperature and time on the surface stress, Vickers hardness and bending radius of the strengthened flexible glass were investigated. The results indicate that, after ion-exchange at 380 ℃ for 1 h, the compressive stress of sample reaches 834.12 MPa, and the depth of stress layer is 15.91 μm, at which time the glass samples have the best bending performance and scratch resistance. After chemical strengthening, the bending radiu of 90 μm flexible glass reduces from (29.8±0.73) mm to (6.94±0.99) mm. As the overly increasing exchange temperature and excessive prolongation of time, the mechanical properties of flexible glass are weakened..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1359 (2024)
Anti-Reflection Functionalization of Na2O-CaO-SiO2 Flat Glass
HAO Xia, WANG Qichen, FU Youjie, LI Junge, ZHAO Huifeng, JIANG Hong, and WANG Zhuo
With the rapid development of photovoltaic industry in recent years, anti-reflective glass comes into researchers’ sight. This article uses two-step chemical etching method to prepare Na2O-CaO-SiO2 flat glass with anti-reflective properties. The transmittance， surface morphology， cross-section film thickness， surface cWith the rapid development of photovoltaic industry in recent years, anti-reflective glass comes into researchers’ sight. This article uses two-step chemical etching method to prepare Na2O-CaO-SiO2 flat glass with anti-reflective properties. The transmittance， surface morphology， cross-section film thickness， surface chemical composition， acid resistance and hardness of samples were measured by spectrophotometer， scanning electron microscope， atomic force microscope and X-ray energy spectrometer. The relationship between reaction temperature， reaction time， glass film structure and transmittance were studied. The Si—O bonds on Na2O-CaO-SiO2 flat glass surface were broken by etching glass surface with weakly alkaline mixed salt solution, and a nano film structure is formed on the surface of glass. When the corrosion reaches a certain thickness, destructive interference of a certain wavelength of light occurs on glass surface, with a maximum transmittance of 97.8%. The glass composition remains basically unchanged before and after etching, and the pencil hardness reaches 3H..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1366 (2024)
Effect of Light-Absorbing Glass on Performance of Irradiation-Resistant Optical Fiber Panels
ZHANG Bingqiang, HUO Hongyue, SHI Pan, WANG Sanzhao, REN Hongyu, and LIU Qimeng
The irradiation-resistant fiber optic panels can be widely used in industrial X-ray detection and medical amorphous silicon flat panel detectors, etc. The fiber optic panels currently under development are difficult to accurately regulate the transmittance rate of the light-absorbing glass in the wavelength range of 43The irradiation-resistant fiber optic panels can be widely used in industrial X-ray detection and medical amorphous silicon flat panel detectors, etc. The fiber optic panels currently under development are difficult to accurately regulate the transmittance rate of the light-absorbing glass in the wavelength range of 430~900 nm, in addition to the poor resistance to precipitation performance. This paper focuses on the effects of glass coloring components on the transmittance and anti-decrystallization performance of light-absorbing glass and develops light-absorbing glass with excellent absorption effect at ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared wavelength and good anti-decrystallization performance. The results show that after adjusting the introduction amount of light-absorbing glass, the transmittance of irradiation-resistant fiber optic panels can reach more than 74%. When the spatial frequency is 10 lp/mm, the modulation transfer function (MTF) of panels with 2.0% (mass fraction) and 2.4% light-absorbing glass is still very obvious, and it can satisfy the requirements of irradiation-resistant optical fiber panels for the transmittance and MTF. This work solves the problems of insufficient resolution, low contrast, and poor imaging quality of irradiation-resistant fiber optic panels in the fields of medical treatment, industrial flaw detection, and space exploration, and realizes the localization of high-resolution, high-contrast, and high-quality irradiation-resistant fiber optic panels..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1374 (2024)
[in Chinese]
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1 (2024)
Magnesium Sulfate Attack Resistance of Mortar with Coral Sand Powder
MA Ying, LI Yuwei, and TAI An
This paper investigated the magnesium sulfate resistance of mortar incorporating coral sand powder (CSP) combined with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). With erosion in magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution at 5 and 20 ℃ for 365 d, the magnesium sulfate attack resistance of mortar was analyzed through appearancThis paper investigated the magnesium sulfate resistance of mortar incorporating coral sand powder (CSP) combined with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). With erosion in magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solution at 5 and 20 ℃ for 365 d, the magnesium sulfate attack resistance of mortar was analyzed through appearance, length change, compressive strength, X-ray diffraction pattern and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that the mortar with CSP deteriorates seriously when it is eroded to 365 d in magnesium sulfate solution at 5 ℃. Sulfate resistantance Portland cement (SRPC) with 20% (mass fraction) CSP exhibits better magnesium sulfate attack resistance than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with 20% (mass fraction) CSP. Fly ash and slag can effectively improve the magnesium sulfate attack resistance of mortar with CSP at 5 ℃, while silica fume reduces the magnesium sulfate attack resistance at 20 ℃. At 5 ℃, the mortar with CSP mainly undergos magnesium and thaumasite sulfate corrosion accompanied by a small amount of gypsum generation, while at 20 ℃, magnesium and gypsum-type sulfate corrosion mainly occurs..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1380 (2024)
Effect of Temperature on Compressive Strength of Sulphoaluminate Cement Mortar in Large Temperature Difference of Northwest China
MA Jishu, and YANG Shuyan
To study the effect of temperature on the compressive strength of sulphoaluminate cement mortar as a repair material for shallow decay concrete in large temperature difference of northwest China, three different mix proportions, three temperature gradients (-25, 25 and 80 ℃) and three time lengths (6, 12 and 24 h) befoTo study the effect of temperature on the compressive strength of sulphoaluminate cement mortar as a repair material for shallow decay concrete in large temperature difference of northwest China, three different mix proportions, three temperature gradients (-25, 25 and 80 ℃) and three time lengths (6, 12 and 24 h) before and after modification were designed. Compressive strength of samples were tested, and micro properties were tested by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The results show that the failure modes of modified samples are better than that of original sample. With the elongation of time, the growth rates of compressive strength of modified samples at -25 ℃ are greater than that of original sample. At 25 ℃, the compressive strength of three groups samples are similar and have slight reductions. At 80 ℃, the compressive strength of modified sample with 0.3% （mass fraction） water glass, 0.1% （mass fraction） PP fiber and 0.4% （mass fraction） expander has the least reduction rate. Meanwhile, the prediction formulas of relative variation rate of compressive strength for this sample with time at different temperatures are established, which can provide some references for sulphoaluminate cement mortar as a repairing material for shallow decay concrete in large temperature difference of northwest China..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1388 (2024)
Performance Enhancement of Self-Compacting Ultra-High Performance Concrete Based on Image Analysis Method
MAO Xiang, YANG Dingyi, CAO Zhonglu, ZHAO Jian, CHEN Longxiang, and WANG Tongzhang
To enhance the performance of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), an improved Andreasen & Andersen particle packing model was employed to design the matrix mix. Using image analysis method, the study examined the influence of different matrix viscosities on the distribution of steel fibers in UHPC. By judiciousTo enhance the performance of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), an improved Andreasen & Andersen particle packing model was employed to design the matrix mix. Using image analysis method, the study examined the influence of different matrix viscosities on the distribution of steel fibers in UHPC. By judiciously combining compressive strength considerations with fiber distribution coefficients, an optimal matrix viscosity was selected. The research further investigated the effects of steel fibers with varying shapes and volume fractions on mechanical properties, ultimately determining the optimal mix proportions for achieving the best mechanical performance. The test results show that achieving an appropriate viscosity in the UHPC matrix, through uniform steel fiber dispersion while minimizing internal air bubbles, further enhances UHPC compressive strength. Corrugated steel fibers exhibit superior dispersion compared to hooked and straight fibers at the same viscosity, resulting in a more pronounced improvement in the mechanical properties of the UHPC matrix. The optimal mix proportions for UHPC are as follows: a water-to-binder ratio of 0.16, a mass ratio of cement to silica fume to slag at 0.75∶0.2∶0.05, a 3% volume fraction of corrugated steel fibers, a superplasticizer mass fraction of 0.8%. At this point, the powder particles exhibit the closest packing, steel fibers are uniformly distributed, resulting in the optimal performance of UHPC..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1398 (2024)
Durability Improvement and Mechanism of Shotcrete under Different Corrosion Environments
ZHANG Quanhong, WANG Tao, MU Song, CAI Jiahao, LIU Kai, ZHOU Ying, and LIU Guangyan
For revealing the calcium leaching behaviors of shotcrete suffered from different salt corrosion and exploring the effects of carboxylic ester corrosion inhibitor and silica fume on the erosion resistance of shotcrete. The time-varying patterns of strength loss rate and calcium dissolution rate of shotcrete under the eFor revealing the calcium leaching behaviors of shotcrete suffered from different salt corrosion and exploring the effects of carboxylic ester corrosion inhibitor and silica fume on the erosion resistance of shotcrete. The time-varying patterns of strength loss rate and calcium dissolution rate of shotcrete under the erosion of ammonium chloride and composite salt were compared through compressive strength and corrosion solution calcium ion concentration tests. TG analysis was used to examine the pore structure and soluble solid calcium content of modified shotcrete before erosion. Finally, XRD and SEM tests were used to analyze the phase composition and microstructure of concrete after erosion. The results show that under compound salt erosion environment, more ettringite and other corrosion products fill the pores and increase the compactness of concrete, resulting in a lower strength loss and a lower calcium leaching rate compared to that exposed to ammonium chloride. There is a good linear correlation between the strength loss and calcium leaching rate of sprayed concrete exposed to ammonium chloride induced leaching and compound salt erosion. The improvement of the combination of 4% (mass fraction) carboxylic ester corrosion inhibitor and 2% (mass fraction) silica fume is remarkable, which can reduce the strength loss rate and calcium ion dissolution rate of shotcrete after 28 d of salt corrosion compared to the blank group by 46.7% and 50.9%, respectively. The addition of carboxylic ester type corrosion inhibitor and silica fume can reduce air bubbles content, calcium hydroxide and ettringite content of hardened concrete, thereby improving the durability of shotcrete..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1410 (2024)
Effect of Carbonization Treatment on Behavior and Mechanism of Pb2+Adsorption by Recycled Concrete Fines
WANG Kaiyuan, XIAO Zhenpo, KOU Shicong, WANG Yaocheng, ZHAN Baojian, and XING Feng
With the development of industry, large amounts of lead-containing wastes have been discharged into the environment, causing severe pollution to water bodies. This study used carbonated recycled concrete fines (CRCF) as an adsorbent to conduct adsorption tests on lead contaminated solutions prepared with lead nitrate, With the development of industry, large amounts of lead-containing wastes have been discharged into the environment, causing severe pollution to water bodies. This study used carbonated recycled concrete fines (CRCF) as an adsorbent to conduct adsorption tests on lead contaminated solutions prepared with lead nitrate, and tested and analyzed its phase, microstructure, and stability of CRCF. The results indicated that CRCF possessed outstanding adsorption capacity for Pb2+, achieving a removal rate of 93.1% (mass fraction, the same below) after 24 h. The CRCF has high adsorption stability for Pb2+, with only negligible amounts of Pb2+ leaching after adsorption. In the adsorption reaction, Pb2+is electrostatically adsorbed on the surface of CRCF, undergoes ion exchange with CRCF, and forms carbonate precipitation on the surface, ultimately mainly fixed in the form of carbonate in CRCF. CRCF can be used as a low-cost and efficient adsorbent for Pb2+, which can be effectively applied to the treatment of lead containing wastewater and achieve waste resource reuse..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1420 (2024)
Optimization of Fly Ash Foam Concrete Mix Proportion Based on Response Surface Methodology
CAO Qikun, JING Haoxing, and LI Hao
To optimize the mix proportion of fly ash foam concrete, the influences of different foaming agent combinations and dosages on the strength of fly ash mortar was first compared. This comparison determined the dosage of activator. Subsequently, through single-factor experiments, the optimal ranges of fly ash, CaSt, and To optimize the mix proportion of fly ash foam concrete, the influences of different foaming agent combinations and dosages on the strength of fly ash mortar was first compared. This comparison determined the dosage of activator. Subsequently, through single-factor experiments, the optimal ranges of fly ash, CaSt, and H2O2 content in foam concrete were determined. Finally, based on the Box-Benhnken response surface methodology, the effects of fly ash, CaSt, and H2O2 content on the compressive strength, dry density, and thermal conductivity of foam concrete were studied. A response surface model was established to explore the degree of influence of each factor and their interaction effects, aiming to obtain optimal mix proportion. The results show that a dual-doping combination of 4.5% (mass fraction, the same as below) Na2SO4 and 4.5% Ca(OH)2 significantly improves the performance of fly ash mortar. The interaction between fly ash and H2O2 content significantly influences compressive strength, CaSt and H2O2 content interaction significantly affects dry density, and the interaction between fly ash and CaSt content significantly influences thermal conductivity. When the water-to-binder ratio is 0.5, the fly ash content is 20.7%, the CaSt content is 1.9%, and the H2O2 content is 2.9%, an A07-grade foam concrete meeting the requirements is obtained..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1427 (2024)
Effect of Fly Ash on Frost and Scour Resistance of Concrete for Channels
LIU Jiamin, MA Yuwei, and LI Gang
Concrete channels in northern Xinjiang are heavily frost-heave and scour and wear, and the cost of concrete used in channels is relatively high. In order to make reasonable use of fly ash resources in Xinjiang and ensure the frost resistance and scour resistance of concrete used in channels, concrete with fly ash conteConcrete channels in northern Xinjiang are heavily frost-heave and scour and wear, and the cost of concrete used in channels is relatively high. In order to make reasonable use of fly ash resources in Xinjiang and ensure the frost resistance and scour resistance of concrete used in channels, concrete with fly ash content of 0% (mass fraction, the same below), 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively, was prepared. At the same time, the mechanical properties, freeze-thaw cycle and erosion wear tests were carried out in combination with the ratio used in the production of prefabricated concrete channels. The results show that 3 and 7 d mechanical properties of concrete decrease with the increase of fly ash content, and 28 d mechanical properties of concrete with 10% fly ash content are the best. The frost resistance of concrete increases first and then decreases with the increase of fly ash content. The forst resistance of concrete with 20% fly ash content is the best. Compared with the concrete without fly ash, the frost resistance of concrete with 10% and 20% fly ash content is improved. The impact wear resistance of concrete increases first and then decreases with the increase of fly ash content. The scour resistance of concrete with 10% fly ash content is the best, and the scour resistance of concrete with 10% fly ash content is improved by about 12% compared with that without fly ash. The results show that fly ash can improve the frost resistance and scour resistance of concrete..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1436 (2024)
Effect of Fly Ash Content on Workability and Mechanical Properties of Fully Recycled Self-Compacting Concrete
ZHENG Shufang, LI Huaying, CHEN Xianghua, LIANG Ying, and CHEN Zongping
In this paper, recycled coarse aggregate was used to replace natural coarse aggregate, and fly ash was used to replace 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 70% (mass fraction) of cement, respectively. The full recycled self-compacting concrete with different water-binder ratios (0.36, 0.40 and 0.45) was prepared. Through flexural stIn this paper, recycled coarse aggregate was used to replace natural coarse aggregate, and fly ash was used to replace 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 70% (mass fraction) of cement, respectively. The full recycled self-compacting concrete with different water-binder ratios (0.36, 0.40 and 0.45) was prepared. Through flexural strength and compressive strength tests, the effects of fly ash content and water-binder ratio on the performance of full recycled self-compacting concrete were analyzed. The reasonable content of fly ash was obtained, and the calculation formula suitable for flexural strength of full recycled self-compacting concrete was proposed. The results show that when fly ash content increases from 20% to 40%, the slump expansion of all recycled self-compacting concrete mixtures increases first and then decreases, and all of them show good clearance capacity, but the expansion time T500 of concrete mixture is not significantly affected by fly ash. With the increase of fly ash content, the compressive strength and flexural strength of fully recycled self-compacting concrete increase first and then decrease, and the flexural strength is more affected by fly ash content than compressive strength. The compressive strength and flexural strength of fully recycled self-compacting concrete are affected by water-binder ratio to the same extent. Based on the effect of fly ash content on the workability and mechanical properties of fully recycled self-compacting concrete, it is suggested that the replacement rate of fly ash to cement is 30%..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1445 (2024)
Preparation and Performance of Phosphorus Building Gypsum-Based Sandless Self-Leveling Mortar
ZHANG Zhaorui, SHAN Junhong, WANG Rongrong, LI Chun, and SHI Shengran
This is a technical description about preparing high-strength and water-resistant phosphorus gypsum-based sandless self-leveling mortar by using phosphorus building gypsum, P·O 42.5 cement, fly ash, mineral powder, stone powder, and additives as raw materials. The optimal dosage of cementitious materials in mortarThis is a technical description about preparing high-strength and water-resistant phosphorus gypsum-based sandless self-leveling mortar by using phosphorus building gypsum, P·O 42.5 cement, fly ash, mineral powder, stone powder, and additives as raw materials. The optimal dosage of cementitious materials in mortar was determined through orthogonal experiments. The effects of water reducer and redispersible latex powder on mortar performance were studied, and microscopic analyses of mortar were conducted using XRD and SEM. The results indicate that when the mass ratio of phosphorus building gypsum, cement, fly ash, mineral powder, and stone powder is 73∶5∶5∶15∶2, the mortar shows optimal comprehensive performance. The 28 d absolutely dry compressive strength of mortar reaches 33.0 MPa, with a softening coefficient of 0.774. Water reducer can enhance the liquidity, mechanical properties, and water resistance of mortar within 30 min. However, at a dosage of 0.30% (mass fraction), the water reducer can decrease the mortar’s long-term strength. Redispersible latex powder decreases the liquidity and mechanical properties of mortar, but improves its water resistance. The phosphorus gypsum-based sandless self-leveling mortar prepared in this paper meets the requirements of "Gypsum-based self-leveling mortar" (JC/T 1023—2021). The 28 d absolutely dry flexural strength and 28 d absolutely dry compressive strength of mortar are 12.0 and 45.9 MPa, respectively, with a high softening coefficient of 0.886 and a low water absorption rate of 2.8%..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1455 (2024)
Effect of Curing Environment on Properties and Microstructure of Metakaolin Based Geopolymers
HUANG Dajian, WANG Zhiwu, TANG Wenjie, ZHANG Quanchao, and QIANG Xiaohu
In order to explore the influence of curing environment on the drying shrinkage-cracking characteristics and mechanical properties of metakaolin based geopolymers, the effects of different curing environments on properties (compressive strength, shrinkage) and microstructure of metakaolin based geopolymers were studiedIn order to explore the influence of curing environment on the drying shrinkage-cracking characteristics and mechanical properties of metakaolin based geopolymers, the effects of different curing environments on properties (compressive strength, shrinkage) and microstructure of metakaolin based geopolymers were studied systematically. The results indicate that alternating temperature changes (freeze-thaw cycles) have a significant impact on the structure of metakaolin based geopolymers, which is not conducive to the development of metakaolin based geopolymer material properties. Low humidity is conducive to the elimination of water molecules in the system, thus forming a more compact gel phase, which is conducive to the development of compressive strength, but increases the drying shrinkage rate and porosity. In various curing environments, the compressive strength of specimens under dry curing (temperature (20±05) ℃, humidity (50±5)%) reaches 73.94 MPa at 28 d, an increase of 68.77% compared to the specimens under standard curing (temperature (20±0.5) ℃, humidity not lower than 95%), and the drying shrinkage rate at 28 d is 237.5×10-4, with a maximum porosity of 45.73%..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1463 (2024)
Study on Road Performance and Engineering Application of Cement Steel Slag Stabilized Soil
WANG Benren, ZHANG Liuyang, LIU Xifeng, DUAN Xulin, and CHEN Xiao
The application of steel slag in road materials is one of the important ways for the large-scale consumption of steel slag. Cement steel slag stabilized soil is a new type of pavement base material. In this paper, the effects of cement dosage and steel slag content on the unconfined compressive strength and splitting sThe application of steel slag in road materials is one of the important ways for the large-scale consumption of steel slag. Cement steel slag stabilized soil is a new type of pavement base material. In this paper, the effects of cement dosage and steel slag content on the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of cement steel slag stabilized soil were studied. At the same time, the effect of steel slag content on the drying shrinkage performance of cement steel slag stabilized soil was also discussed. The results show that with the increase of steel slag content, the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of cement steel slag stabilized soil gradually increase, the flexural-compressive strength ratio increases first and then decreases, and the drying shrinkage coefficient gradually decreases. With the increase of cement dosage, the 28 and 90 d unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of cement steel slag stabilized soil gradually increase. When the cement dosage increases to 5% (mass fraction), the flexural-compressive strength ratio decreases to a certain extent. The engineering application research is carried out by using the mixture ratio (mass fraction) of 5% cement (extra-mixing), 60% of steel slag, and 40% of soil. The test section has been tested on site, and the engineering application effect is good and the economic benefit is good..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1472 (2024)
Mechanical Properties of Red Mud-Slag Based Geopolymer Solidified Loess after Freeze-Thaw Cycle
GUO Qiang, ZHANG Xiaolei, SHI Chenxi, and MEN Jie
In this paper, the maximum dry density and optimum content of geopolymer solidified loess under different red mud content, water glass modulus and water glass content were obtained by compaction test. Based on the optimum moisture content results, the test blocks were made and the freeze-thaw cycle test of geopolymer sIn this paper, the maximum dry density and optimum content of geopolymer solidified loess under different red mud content, water glass modulus and water glass content were obtained by compaction test. Based on the optimum moisture content results, the test blocks were made and the freeze-thaw cycle test of geopolymer solidified loess was carried out. The mass loss and unconfined compressive strength of solidified loess test block were tested, and the influence of geopolymer composition on frost resistance of solidified loess test block was analyzed. The results show that the maximum dry density of geopolymer solidified loess test block is smaller than that of plain loess. Adding an appropriate amount of geopolymer can effectively improve the frost resistance of loess, and the unconfined compressive strength of solidified loess is greater than that of plain loess, up to 0.7 MPa. With the increase of red mud content, the unconfined compressive strength of solidified loess test block decreases. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the unconfined compressive strength of solidified loess test block decreases first and then increases, and finally tends to be stable..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1482 (2024)
Preparation of Flake Alumina Using Aluminum-Air Battery Waste Electrolyte as Raw Material
WANG Lijun, WU Xingrong, WANG Yanru, SHEN Xingmei, and CAO Fabin
In this paper, the flaky alumina (α-Al2O3) powder was prepared with using aluminum-air battery waste electrolyte as raw material, adjusting pH value with aluminum sulfate, and using potassium sulfate as molten salt. And the effects of synthesis temperature and crystal seed amount on the volume fraction, particle size, In this paper, the flaky alumina (α-Al2O3) powder was prepared with using aluminum-air battery waste electrolyte as raw material, adjusting pH value with aluminum sulfate, and using potassium sulfate as molten salt. And the effects of synthesis temperature and crystal seed amount on the volume fraction, particle size, and particle size distribution of α-Al2O3 powder were studied. The structure and morphology of α-Al2O3 powder with different amounts of crystal seed were characterized by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, and laser particle size analyzer. The research results show that the volume fraction of α-Al2O3 powder increases, the particle size is reduced, the particle size distribution is more concentrated and the dispersity is better after adding crystal seed. In addition, when the crystal seed amount is 5%(mass fraction), the volume fraction of prepared flaky α-Al2O3 can reach 97.0%, and the average particle size is about 7.24 μm..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1490 (2024)
Influence of Precipitant Concentration on Tb2O3 Nanopowders Synthesized via Spray Coprecipitation Method
TANG Yuxiang, XU Tao, WANG Yaozhi, JING Wei, and MEI Bingchu
Ultrafine Tb2O3 nanopowders were prepared by spray co-precipitation method combined with reduction atmosphere treatment. The influence of ammonium bicarbonate precipitant concentration on precursor phase, nanopowders microstructure, and sintering performance was investigated. The results show that the concentration of Ultrafine Tb2O3 nanopowders were prepared by spray co-precipitation method combined with reduction atmosphere treatment. The influence of ammonium bicarbonate precipitant concentration on precursor phase, nanopowders microstructure, and sintering performance was investigated. The results show that the concentration of the precipitant significantly affects the microstructure, uniformity and sintering activity of the nanopowder. A low concentration of precipitant can lead to excessive growth of precipitate grains, resulting in an increase in nanopowders size and unevenness, while a excessive concentration of precipitant can cause poor soft agglomeration. The optimal precipitant concentration is 1.5 mol/L, and under this condition, ultrafine Tb2O3 nanopowders with an average particle size of about 52.45 nm can be obtained, with a particle size distribution range of 30 nm to 80 nm. The Tb2O3 transparent ceramic prepared by sintering the powder in a protective atmosphere at 1 400 ℃ and hot isostatic pressing has a linear transmittance of 76.11% at 1 064 nm..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1499 (2024)
Effect of Scandium Oxide on Structure and Properties of Potassium Feldspar Crystalline Glaze
YANG Jiarui, DU Jinghong, HUANG Tao, MENG Xue, CHEN Jiaxing, QIN Chaoqian, and HE Shengyang
Glazes composed of potassium feldspar as main crystals hold promising potential for addressing the issues of insufficient bonding strength and high brittleness in tetragonal zirconia ceramics. The effect of scandium oxide content on structure and characteristics of potassium feldspar crystalline glazes was studied by DGlazes composed of potassium feldspar as main crystals hold promising potential for addressing the issues of insufficient bonding strength and high brittleness in tetragonal zirconia ceramics. The effect of scandium oxide content on structure and characteristics of potassium feldspar crystalline glazes was studied by DSC, XRD, SEM, hardness, strength, refractive index, visible light transmittance and thermal expansion tests. The results indicate that as Sc2O3 content increases from 0% (mass fraction, the same below) to 10%, the crystallization temperature of crystalline glaze decreases from 958.5 ℃ to 827.8 ℃, accompanied by an increase in crystallization capacity. Furthermore, the grain size of sintered crystalline glaze steadily enlarges. With the increase of Sc2O3 content, scandium silicate crystals precipitate within the crystalline glaze. The crystallinity, knoop hardness, bending strength and refractive index of crystalline glaze reach their optimal values at Sc2O3 content of 6.67%. The visible light transmittance decrease first and then increase, while the thermal expansion coefficient decreases..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1506 (2024)
Influence of YF3 on Synthesis and Performance of Fly Ash-Based Cordierite Ceramics
GU Yajie1, CHEN Yaoji, YIN Xujun, CHANG Xinglan, SUN Ke, SUN Shengrui, XI Shuang, XU Jiayu, and LIU Yangqiao
Fly ash-based cordierite ceramics samples were prepared with fly ash, talc, alumina and magnesium oxide, by adding yttrium fluoride (YF3) with mass fraction of 0%, 0.5% and 1.0%, respectively. The effect of YF3 on phase composition, microstructure and physical properties of samples were studied. The results show that tFly ash-based cordierite ceramics samples were prepared with fly ash, talc, alumina and magnesium oxide, by adding yttrium fluoride (YF3) with mass fraction of 0%, 0.5% and 1.0%, respectively. The effect of YF3 on phase composition, microstructure and physical properties of samples were studied. The results show that the introduction of YF3 reduces formation temperature of cordierite, improves phase conversion rate of cordierite, significantly increases the mechanical properties and has a moderate positive effect on thermal properties of samples. When the YF3 content is 0.5%, the performance of sample is the best. For the sample with 0.5% YF3 content, when the sintering temperature is 1 300 ℃, no obvious peak corresponding to any impurity is found in XRD patterns, the bulk density of sample is 2.15 g·cm-3, the open porosity is 7.49%, the water absorption is 3.49% and the compressive strength is 252.27 MPa. After 5 times heat shock experiments, the compressive strength is still high to 204.65 MPa. The heat capacity is 0.770~0.931 J/(g·℃) (25~150 ℃), and thermal expansion coefficient is 2.54×10-6℃-1 (100~800 ℃). The bulk density of sample with 0.5% YF3 content increases by 5.2%, open porosity decreases by 58.6%, water absorption decreases by 60.6%, compressive strength increases by 4.6 times, heat capacity increases and the thermal expansion coefficient decreases, compared with the sample without additives. In the sintering process of fly ash-based cordierite ceramics, the introduction of YF3 can form a liquid phase at a lower temperature, improve the mobility of elements, and promote the development of grains and fine grain size. As an effective sintering additive, YF3 significantly improves the comprehensive properties of fly ash-based cordierite ceramics with a small content. This work broadens the additives range for high quality ceramic materials, which provides reference for excellent materials sintered at high temperature..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1515 (2024)
Effects of Process Parameters on Properties of Polishing Slag Lightweight Ceramic Bricks
FU Siyuan, LYU Wenxin, WEI Jiazhan, and KE Shanjun
In recent years, Chinese ceramic industry has developed rapidly, producing about 10 million tons of ceramic polishing slag every year, but only 5% is used. The ceramic polishing slag was used as the research object, supplemented by raw materials such as clay, porcelain sand and medium temperature sand, and SiC was usedIn recent years, Chinese ceramic industry has developed rapidly, producing about 10 million tons of ceramic polishing slag every year, but only 5% is used. The ceramic polishing slag was used as the research object, supplemented by raw materials such as clay, porcelain sand and medium temperature sand, and SiC was used as the pore structure regulator to prepare lightweight ceramic bricks. A series of orthogonal experiments were used to obtain the best sintering system, and explore the effects of firing temperature and milling time on performance of polishing slag lightweight ceramic bricks. The results show that an increase in firing temperature can improve the uniformity of internal connected pores and pores in lightweight ceramic bricks. At 1 160 ℃, volume density, compressive strength, and apparent porosity of lightweight ceramic bricks are the highest, and volume density is 1.24 g/cm3, compressive strength is 35 MPa and water absorption rate is 20.38%, respectively. When the ball milling time is extended from 10 to 110 min, the particles become finer, the surface energy increases, the liquid content increases, and the foaming content increases, resulting in improved uniformity of connected pores and pores..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1524 (2024)
Synthesis, Structure and Optical Properties of Novel Rare Earth Iodate K2Y(IO3)5
HUANG Jiming, SHI Rongwei, LIU Runqing, REN Fuzhong, WANG Ziyang, and LENG Senlin
A new rare earth iodate K2Y(IO3)5 has been synthesized by hydrothermal method in this paper. Its structure was determined by single crystal diffraction. The results show that K2Y(IO3)5 crystallizes in triclinic crystal system with P1 space group. Its crystal cell parameters are a=10.069(6) , b=8.418(1) , c=11.754(2) A new rare earth iodate K2Y(IO3)5 has been synthesized by hydrothermal method in this paper. Its structure was determined by single crystal diffraction. The results show that K2Y(IO3)5 crystallizes in triclinic crystal system with P1 space group. Its crystal cell parameters are a=10.069(6) , b=8.418(1) , c=11.754(2) , α=109.664(5)°, β=90.518(6)°, γ=91.565(5)°, Z=2. The structure of K2Y(IO3)5 features a zero-dimensional ［Y2(IO3)10］4- anion group, which further linked by K—O polyhedrons to construct the whole framework. In addition, UV-Vis-NIR diffuse reflection spectroscopy shows that K2Y(IO3)5 has a wide transmission range about 0.25~12.46 μm. TG-DSC indicated that the thermal decomposition temperature of K2Y(IO3)5 is 365 ℃. Meanwhile, the band structure of K2Y(IO3)5 is also calculated using first principles. The results shows that the I-5p and O-2p orbits dominate the optical properties of the structure..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1532 (2024)
Experimental Teaching Exploration of Materials Major Based on OBE-CDIO Teaching Philosophy under Background of “101 Plan”
LI Yanyan, REN Fuzeng, LIAO Chengzhu, LI Huili, WANG Haiou, YE Fei, and LU Zhouguang
Under the background of "101 Plan", aiming at the lack of significant teaching content and result orientation, the lack of innovation in teaching mode and the imperfect teaching system， the OBE-CDIO teaching concept is introduced to reform and explore from the aspects of teaching content, teaching method, teaUnder the background of "101 Plan", aiming at the lack of significant teaching content and result orientation, the lack of innovation in teaching mode and the imperfect teaching system， the OBE-CDIO teaching concept is introduced to reform and explore from the aspects of teaching content, teaching method, teaching process, teaching evaluation and teaching objectives, which is aiming to solve the current situation of experimental teaching of materials major. This educational philosophy can answer the questions of "what kind of students to train" and "how to train students". The water purification device with wood activated carbon project shows that the experimental teaching reform and exploration of materials major based on OBE-CDIO concept can improve students’ learning initiative, which is conducive to the cultivation of innovative talents, and is an effective exploration of the cultivation of new composite talents for materials major..
Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society
- Publication Date: Aug. 14, 2024
- Vol. 43, Issue 4, 1539 (2024)
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