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2025
Volume: 43 Issue 2
9 Article(s)
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RADIATION CHEMISTRY
Preparation and properties of fluorine-containing antimicrobial UV-curing coatings
Shupeng WU, Xiwen CUI, Yue ZHANG, Bingbin ZHANG, Zhengtao WU, Xuehua ZHU, and Yan YUAN
To develop an efficient antibacterial coating material, the basic formulas for epoxy acrylate 6215-100 and triepropanediol diacrylate are derived using silicone quaternary ammonium salt (QAC) as an antibacterial agent and fluorine-containing acrylate as a hydrophobic monomer. Different ultraviolet (UV)-photocuring formTo develop an efficient antibacterial coating material, the basic formulas for epoxy acrylate 6215-100 and triepropanediol diacrylate are derived using silicone quaternary ammonium salt (QAC) as an antibacterial agent and fluorine-containing acrylate as a hydrophobic monomer. Different ultraviolet (UV)-photocuring formulations are established based on different proportions of antibacterial agents and hydrophobic monomers. The surface morphology, double-bond transformation, thermal stability, mechanical properties, and antibacterial properties of coatings containing different proportions of additives are investigated. The results showed that the higher the QAC content in the coating, the better was the antibacterial effect. Moreover, the antibacterial-zone diameter of the coating reached 4.05 mm when 25% 1UV-F:9QAC was added. The double-bond conversion rate of all samples exceeded 80%. The mechanical properties deteriorated with the increase in the additives. The maximum water contact angle of the 1UV-F:9QAC coating was 91.1°. The 3UV-F:7QAC additive demonstrated the best comprehensive performance when the additive amount was 15%; it exhibited a bacteriostatic range of 1.3 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, a maximum tensile strength of 3.06 MPa, and an elongation at break of 44.0%. The coating exhibited a double-bond conversion rate exceeding 90%, and its thermal stability did not degrade significantly..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020201 (2025)
Preparation of polyacrylamide-grafted polymer/xanthan gum aerosol immobilizers and their immobilization for tellurium aerosol capture studies
Danfeng JIANG, Guohua SONG, Xuefei LI, Xingdong SU, Jie ZHAN, Mengqing XIAO, and Yintao LI
Radioactive aerosols (polonium and polonium compounds) generated during the normal operation of lead-bismuth coolants are extremely toxic and radioactive, thus rendering them detrimental to the operation staff and environment. Thus, radioactive polonium aerosols generated during polonium removal must be captured and imRadioactive aerosols (polonium and polonium compounds) generated during the normal operation of lead-bismuth coolants are extremely toxic and radioactive, thus rendering them detrimental to the operation staff and environment. Thus, radioactive polonium aerosols generated during polonium removal must be captured and immobilized. In this study, an aerosol fixative with desirable wettability and capture fixation properties was prepared using compounding xanthan gum (XG) with a grafted polymer polyacrylamide grafted acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (PAM-g-PAA/PHEA), and a polyacrylamide-based material was used for the substrate. The structure of the aerosol fixative was analyzed and confirmed via infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The thermal properties, wettability, as well as capture and fixation effects of tellurium (simulated polonium) aerosols were investigated via thermogravimetric analysis, contact-angle measurements, and fixed-sedimentation experiments. The results showed that PAM-g-PAA/PHEA and XG synergistically formed a dual-network structure through hydrogen bonding and that the thermal, wettability, and immobilization properties of the aerosol fixative improved. The optimal addition amount of XG was determined to be 0.05% based on the results of sedimentation experiments, wettability, and fixation rate. At this optimal amount, the aerosol fixing agent exerts the greatest effect on the hydrogen bond and van der Waals forces of tellurium powder. The lowest contact angle is 38.38°, and the tellurium powder infiltrated completely within 80 s. Based on the mass-concentration change, the sedimentation fixation rate is 99.24%, which indicates that atomization fixation is suitable for capturing and fixing radioactive aerosols. The small droplets atomized by the aerosol fixing agent in this study rapidly deposited aerosols, followed by continuous capture and fixation. The results of batch fixed sedimentation verify that this type of aerosol fixing agent is suitable for the capture and fixation of tellurium aerosols, thus providing technical support for the capture and fixation of radioactive polonium aerosols..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020202 (2025)
RADIATION INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
Nuclear spectrometric performance measurement and comparative analysis of common gamma spectrum detectors
Hai SUN, Xianbao GU, Guobing YU, Hao WANG, Deyun WEN, Wenliang ZHANG, and Ben LIU
To understand the nuclear spectroscopic performance of gamma-ray spectrum detectors in different application scenarios, HPGe, CZT, LaBr3(Ce), CeBr3, and NaI(Tl), which are common gamma-ray spectrum detectors, were selected. 241Am, 137Cs, and 60Co standard sources were measured, and the detection limits of the differentTo understand the nuclear spectroscopic performance of gamma-ray spectrum detectors in different application scenarios, HPGe, CZT, LaBr3(Ce), CeBr3, and NaI(Tl), which are common gamma-ray spectrum detectors, were selected. 241Am, 137Cs, and 60Co standard sources were measured, and the detection limits of the different detectors for different nuclides were calculated. The results show that under environmental background conditions, the detection limits of the HPGe, CZT, LaBr3(Ce), CeBr3, and NaI(Tl) gamma spectrum detectors for low-energy gamma-ray 241Am are 0.039 Bq, 0.180 Bq, 0.781 Bq, 0.697 Bq, and 1.104 Bq, respectively. However, when measuring the activity of 137Cs in the lead chamber, the detection limits are 0.005 Bq, 0.294 Bq, 0.036 Bq, 0.037 Bq, and 0.057 Bq, respectively. The measurement and calculation results show the full-energy peak shape, source peak detection efficiency, background energy spectrum, and the detection limits of the different detectors in different application scenarios, thus providing reference nuclear spectroscopic performance parameters for selecting the appropriate gamma spectrum detectors to measure sample activity..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020701 (2025)
RADIATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
Growth-stimulating effect of 60Co-γ ray irradiation on Idesia polycarpa seeds in M1 generation
Heng XU, Xuehua ZHAO, Wanlu ZHENG, Degui LI, Dandan ZHANG, Zicheng ZHANG, and Xiang LI
The seeds of wild Idesia polycarpa obtained from Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province were used as experimental materials in this study, where the seeds were treated with different irradiation doses of 60Co-γ ray. The effect of 60Co-γ ray irradiation on the seedling rate, ground diameter, seedling height, leaf length, leaThe seeds of wild Idesia polycarpa obtained from Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province were used as experimental materials in this study, where the seeds were treated with different irradiation doses of 60Co-γ ray. The effect of 60Co-γ ray irradiation on the seedling rate, ground diameter, seedling height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, leaf circumference, secondary root length, secondary root diameter, and chlorophyll content of 1-year-old I. polycarpa were investigated. The results showed that compared with the control, 60Co-γ irradiation treatment significantly increased the seedling rate of I. polycarpa and had significant effects on the growth of I. polycarpaseedlings (p<0.05). Under an irradiation dose of 120 Gy, the ground diameter and seedling height of the I. polycarpa seedlings were the largest, i.e., 36% and 68% higher than those of the control, respectively. With the increase in irradiation dose, the length of secondary roots, the thickness of secondary roots, and the number of tertiary roots increased significantly, reaching maximum values at 120 Gy. The chlorophyll content of I. polycarpa leaves first increased, then decreased, and then increased again. Mutant plants with high growth, stem bending, deformity, multi-branching, and dwarfing were produced via 60Co-γ ray irradiation. The irradiation dose of 60Co-γ ray was significantly correlated with most of the growth traits (p<0.05). The results above show that 60Co-γ ray irradiation can improve the seedling emergence rate of I. polycarpa, promote the growth and root development of I. polycarpa, and yield a few different types of mutant plants, thus providing an important theoretical basis for the creation of new germplasms of I. polycarpa..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020401 (2025)
Study on the decolorization process and antioxidant activity of xylo-oligosaccharides in Camellia oleifera shell prepared via irradiation-hydrothermal treatment
Xiaoyan SHEN, Liang CHEN, Hui QI, An LIU, Dongning WEI, Ming DENG, Keqin WANG, and Xiaofen WU
Xylo-oligosaccharides were prepared from Camellia oleifera shell via hydrothermal treatment after electron beam irradiation. The antioxidant activity of xylo-oligosaccharide of Camellia oleifera shell after decolorization was determined and analyzed through optimizing the decolorization process of activated carbon. ThiXylo-oligosaccharides were prepared from Camellia oleifera shell via hydrothermal treatment after electron beam irradiation. The antioxidant activity of xylo-oligosaccharide of Camellia oleifera shell after decolorization was determined and analyzed through optimizing the decolorization process of activated carbon. This provides a new approach for the high-value utilization of by-products from Camelliaoleiferaprocessing. The results showed that the concentration of xylo-oligosaccharides prepared via 3 MeV electron beam irradiation combined with hydrothermal treatment was 13.87 mg/mL, and the concentrations of xylobiose to xylotetrose after enzymolysis were 3.37 mg/mL, 4.76 mg/mL, and 2.48 mg/mL, respectively. The optimization process of activated carbon decolorization as follows: the decolorization efficiency of Darco G60-activated carbon for xylo-oligosaccharides enzymolysis solution of the Camellia oleifera shell reached 93.77% at a decolorization temperature of 30 ℃, a decolorization time of 60 min, an activated carbon addition of 50 mg/mL, and a pH of 4. The retention rates of xylobiose to xylotetrose and total xylo-oligosaccharides were 97.66% and 71.50%, respectively. It was found that the xylo-oligosaccharides of the Camellia oleifera shell were amorphous and cross-linked with several parts, as shown by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, with the main chain formed by D-xylose via β-1,4-glucoside linkage. In addition, when the concentration of xylo-oligosaccharides in Camellia oleifera shell was 10 mg/mL, the antioxidant activity was better. The scavenging rates of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical, 2,2'-Azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) radical, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical were 62.07%, 68.50%, 70.26% and 75.52%, respectively..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020402 (2025)
Catalytic purification of acrylic fiber wastewater by low-temperature plasma in conjunction with K2Fe4O7
Junfeng RONG, Jiali ZHU, Binbin ZHAO, Fan PAN, Chengyuan ZHANG, and Minggong CHEN
The co-catalytic treatment of acrylic fiber wastewater using low-temperature plasma generated by a dielectric barrier discharge was studied. The solid catalyst K2Fe4O7 was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Wastewater samples from Sinopec AnqinThe co-catalytic treatment of acrylic fiber wastewater using low-temperature plasma generated by a dielectric barrier discharge was studied. The solid catalyst K2Fe4O7 was synthesized by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Wastewater samples from Sinopec Anqing Branch were used as experimental water samples, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) and turbidity were used as indices. The activity of the catalyst was first verified. Thereafter, based on a single factor experiment, a response surface method was used to optimize the test based on discharge voltage, amount of catalyst addition, and pH. The optimal response parameters were obtained as a discharge voltage of 40 kV, catalyst addition amount of 0.05 g, and pH of 2. The predicted COD degradation and turbidity removal rates of the optimal acrylic fiber wastewater were 77.43% and 91.14%, respectively. To verify the accuracy of the model, three sets of experiments were conducted under the predicted optimal experimental conditions to determine the COD degradation rate of acrylic fiber wastewater as 77.34% and turbidity removal rate as 91.11%. The accuracy of the model used in this study is relatively high. This study provides a novel approach for the purification of petrochemical wastewater..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020403 (2025)
RADIOBIOLOGY and RADIOMEDICINE
Retrospective analysis of setup error with a six-degree-of-freedom couch in medical linear accelerator radiotherapy for head, thoracic, and abdominal tumors
Bao WAN, Yandong GE, Shuo SUN, Yu ZHAO, Yanxin ZHANG, Wei ZHANG, Fukui HUAN, Bin LIANG, and Hongkai WANG
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of tumor patients were retrospectively analyzed based on a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) couch for accelerators, whereby patient setup error data were compared, and intra-fractional setup errors during radiotherapy were investigated for tumor patients. This study aimed to evaCone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of tumor patients were retrospectively analyzed based on a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) couch for accelerators, whereby patient setup error data were compared, and intra-fractional setup errors during radiotherapy were investigated for tumor patients. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in setup performance for tumors in various anatomical locations. A total of 85 tumor patients who underwent radiotherapy at the radiotherapy center between March 2020 and September 2023 were selected and categorized into four groups: brain tumors, lung cancer, rectal cancer, and breast cancer. The initial and intra-fractional setup errors for the four groups were statistically analyzed across six degrees of freedom: left-right (X), head-foot (Y), anterior-posterior (Z), and rotations (Rx, Ry, Rz). A two-sample heteroscedastic t-test was used to compare the intra-fractional setup errors in different directions among the tumor types. After corrections using the 6-DOF couch, the translational error ranges for both initial and intra-fractional setup errors were generally consistent, primarily within ±1 cm. In intra-fractional setup errors, the Rx direction exhibited a slightly reduced error range. However, the rotational errors in the Ry and Rz directions were significantly larger in breast cancer cases. Regarding intra-fractional translational errors across different tumor groups, patients with brain tumor exhibited the smallest errors along translational directions. Patients with lung cancer also showed relatively small translational errors but exhibited a skew in the Z direction (anterior-posterior). Patients with rectal cancer exhibited relatively large translational errors, particularly in the Z direction. Additionally, both the initial and intra-fractional setups demonstrated that brain tumor errors were the smallest, followed by lung cancer, whereas breast and rectal cancer errors were relatively larger. There were no significant differences in the Rx direction among different tumor types (p>0.01). However, significant differences were observed between breast and brain tumor patients (p=0) and between breast and lung cancer patients (p=0). A weakly significant difference was also noted between patients with breast and rectal cancer (p=0.034). In the Rz direction, patients with rectal cancer exhibited significant differences compared to those with brain tumor (p=0.003) and lung cancer (p=0.002). A weakly significant difference was also found between rectal and breast cancer patients (p=0.033), indicating that rectal cancer cases had notably different setup errors in the Rz rotational direction compared to the other tumor types. The application of a 6-DOF couch significantly improved the translational setup precision and rotational errors. However, limitations remain in controlling rotational errors, particularly for tumor types with strong site specificity or complex surrounding organ structures, such as breast and rectal cancers. Further optimization of immobilization devices and enhanced respiratory management tailored to individual patient characteristics are recommended to improve the precision and effectiveness of radiotherapy..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020301 (2025)
REVIEW
Biological effects and potential applications of UV-B radiation on medicinal plants
Xiao LIU, Nan ZHANG, Yan DU, and Libin ZHOU
The accumulation of secondary metabolites is essential for determining the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. However, as medicinal plants transition from wild growth to artificial cultivation, issues such as reduced active components and inconsistent quality have emerged. Ultraviolet radiation B（UV-B）The accumulation of secondary metabolites is essential for determining the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. However, as medicinal plants transition from wild growth to artificial cultivation, issues such as reduced active components and inconsistent quality have emerged. Ultraviolet radiation B（UV-B）radiation can stimulate the production of endogenous protective substances in plants, thereby influencing the synthesis of secondary metabolites. Understanding the effects of UV-B on secondary metabolite accumulation of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, along with the associated mechanisms, has become a significant research focus. This review systematically summarized the response strategies of medicinal plants to UV-B radiation, highliting its effects on the growth, development, physiology, biochemistry, secondary metabolite accumulation, and stress tolerance induction. Furthermore, the potential applications of UV-B radiation in enhancing secondary metabolite synthesis and improving plant stress resistance are explored. Current research challenges and limitations are also discussed, offering insights for future advancements in this field. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for the practical application of UV-B irradiation technology in boosting secondary metabolite content and stress tolerance in medicinal plants..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020101 (2025)
Research progress on radiation damage behavior in epoxy resins
Anwei SUN, Jia YANG, Yi LIU, and Zhipeng GAO
Epoxy resins are extensively utilized in the nuclear industry, high-energy accelerators, and deep-space exploration due to their strong corrosion resistance, good thermal stability, high mechanical strength, and exceptional electrical insulation properties. However, ionizing radiation present in these application envirEpoxy resins are extensively utilized in the nuclear industry, high-energy accelerators, and deep-space exploration due to their strong corrosion resistance, good thermal stability, high mechanical strength, and exceptional electrical insulation properties. However, ionizing radiation present in these application environments can degrade the three-dimensional network structures of epoxy resins, significantly impacting their service performance. This presents a significant challenge for reliability assessment, making it necessary to elucidate their irradiation damage behavior. This paper reviews the recent research advancements on the radiation damage behavior of epoxy resins, emphasizing the effects of chain crosslinking and scission induced by various irradiation conditions on their chemical structures and physical properties, including mechanical properties, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, and electrical properties. Finally, future research directions deserving special attention are discussed, considering the current gaps in understanding the radiation damage in epoxy resins..
Journal of Radiation Research and Radiation Processing
- Publication Date: Apr. 20, 2025
- Vol. 43, Issue 2, 020102 (2025)
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