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Genome-wide Identification and Analyses of WOX Transcription Factor Genes in Wheat
WU Qiangqiang, ZHANG Fengjie, DONG Haohuan, LU Ping, FAN Jie, LI Xueyin, WANG Aiping, and DONG Qi
Wheat is one of main cereal crops in the world. In this study, the WOX genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were identified at the whole genome level using bioinformatic techniques, and phylogenetic and sequence analysis were carried out. The results showed that the wheat genome contained a total of 26 WOX geneWheat is one of main cereal crops in the world. In this study, the WOX genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were identified at the whole genome level using bioinformatic techniques, and phylogenetic and sequence analysis were carried out. The results showed that the wheat genome contained a total of 26 WOX genes, of which 20 had sequence information included in the Phytozome database, which could be divided into three sub-families. The WOX genes in each sub-family had similar gene structures and their intron phases were 0 or 1. The protein motifs of the WOX gene family Motif 1, Motif 2, Motif 5 and Motif 9 were relatively conserved, and Motif 1 and Motif 2 were presumed to be core motifs. The promoters of the WOX genes included ABRE, CAT-box, CGTCA-motif, RY-element and other elements, indicating that the wheat WOX gene might be involved in regulating the development of endosperm or seed, or the formation of meristem. TaWOX6, TaWOX8, TaWOX10 might be involved in the development of wheat ears and stalks. TaWOX15, TaWOX18 and TaWOX20 are highly expressed in wheat endosperm, whereas little expressed in other parts, indicating that these three genes are closely related to the formation and development of wheat endosperm. The results of this study laied a foundation for further exploration of function and molecular mechanism of the wheat WOX genes..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 67 (2021)
Application and Research Progress of Photodynamic Therapy in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancer
SHI Xiafei, CHEN Qianqian, CHE Bochen, YIN Huijuan, and LI Yingxin
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapeutic modality for tumor. It uses photosensitizer to absorb visible-near-infrared light, and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the participation of tissue oxygen, which induces apoptosis or necrosis of tumor cells. PDT is minimally invasive, has high selectivityPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising therapeutic modality for tumor. It uses photosensitizer to absorb visible-near-infrared light, and produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the participation of tissue oxygen, which induces apoptosis or necrosis of tumor cells. PDT is minimally invasive, has high selectivity for cancer, and has good patient compliance due to the simplicity of the procedure; therefore, PDT is widely used as a palliative and salvage treatment in patients with various gastrointestinal malignancies. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign literatures of the photodynamic therapy for gastrointestinal malignant neoplasms. The disease types, case numbers, photosensitizers used, follow-up dates, efficacy and safety were collected, the challenges and recent research progress were also summarized, in order to comprehensively and objectively understand the application and research progress of PDT in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancer, and explore the current new applications, existing problems and development prospects..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 1 (2021)
Advances in the Application of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Exosome Detection
LIN Huijing, WU Qiong, CHEN Guannan, CHEN Rong, and LIN Duo
Exosomes are small vesicles containing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, which are associated with intercellular communication and regulation of the tumor microenvironment, thus becoming an emerging noninvasive marker for early cancer diagnosis. Current techniques for exosome analysis are complex, time-consuming and Exosomes are small vesicles containing proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, which are associated with intercellular communication and regulation of the tumor microenvironment, thus becoming an emerging noninvasive marker for early cancer diagnosis. Current techniques for exosome analysis are complex, time-consuming and costly. In recent years, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has shown great potential in biomedical field due to its high sensitivity, simple sample preparation, rapid and noninvasive advantages. In this review, the exosomes are introduced and the merits and drawbacks of the main detection methods are compared. The characteristics of SERS as well as its advantages in exosome detection are described, with emphasis on the application progress of label-free and label SERS in exosome detection. Studies have shown that SERS-based exosome detection technology is expected to become a noninvasive, convenient and accurate new method for clinical diagnosis..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 15 (2021)
Advances?in? Salicylic Acid?Biosynthetic?Pathways?and Its Regulation in?Plants
HUANG Hongjing, ZHAN Qiang, QIN Lei, PENG Zhihong, and XIA Shitou
The biological synthesis pathways of salicylic acid (SA) include the shikimic acid pathway with phenylalanine as precursor and the isochorismate (IC) pathway, and the latter is the main pathway for SA synthesis. In bacteria, SA is generated directly from isochorismate under the enzymatic action of the IPL, which is notThe biological synthesis pathways of salicylic acid (SA) include the shikimic acid pathway with phenylalanine as precursor and the isochorismate (IC) pathway, and the latter is the main pathway for SA synthesis. In bacteria, SA is generated directly from isochorismate under the enzymatic action of the IPL, which is not yet found in plants. The latest research proves that avrPphB susceptible 3 (PBS3) is the key factor in the conversion of IC into SA in plants, and reveals that the role of the enhanced disease susceptibility 5 (EDS5) as a transporter and the acyl transferase encoded by enhanced pseudomonas sensitiveity Ⅰcan act as an isochorismoyl-glutamate A pyruvoyl lyase in SA synthesis. This article reviews the latest research progress of SA synthesis pathway and its regulatory factors in plants, and further reveals its complex network and regulatory mechanism, so as to realize the comprehensive coordination between the timely induction of SA to plant resistance and the fine regulation of growth and development..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 22 (2021)
The?Application?of?Laser?in?the?Combined?Treatment?for?Alopecia Areata
WANG Yueying, LI Chanchan, SONG Jiquan, and XIE Jun
Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common and often recurring type of non-scarring alopecia. The existing treatment methods include the use of glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive drugs, photodynamic therapy, PRP injection, PUVA, etc. However, these methods have many limitations, such as requirement of long treatmenAlopecia areata (AA) is one of the most common and often recurring type of non-scarring alopecia. The existing treatment methods include the use of glucocorticoids, immunosuppressive drugs, photodynamic therapy, PRP injection, PUVA, etc. However, these methods have many limitations, such as requirement of long treatment cycles, adverse drug reactions, poor patient compliance etc. On the other hand, laser therapy has become one of the most commonly used methods in clinical treatment of alopecia areata due to its short treatment cycle, definite curative effect and few adverse reactions. In this article, the mechanism, clinical application and efficacy of various kinds of laser in the combined treatment of alopecia areata are reviewed. We proposed that laser or laser combined with other methods are effective and prospective treatments of alopecia areata, but there still need to be large amounts of samples of clinical trials. It is noted that therapeutic mechanism can be combined with pathogenesis to further evaluate the efficacy and safety for the disease. In brief, laser therapy is expected to become one of the most effective technology in the clinical treatment of alopecia areata..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 30 (2021)
A Study of FFOCT En Face Image-based Quantitative Characterization of Human Liver Cancer
ZHANG Xinmeng, GAO Wanrong, ZHU Yue, and XU Xinyu
The high-resolution en face tomographic images of normal and cancerous human liver tissues were obtained by using a full field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) system built in our laboratory. To solve the problem that it is difficult to distinguish between the normal and early cancerous liver tissues with unaided hThe high-resolution en face tomographic images of normal and cancerous human liver tissues were obtained by using a full field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) system built in our laboratory. To solve the problem that it is difficult to distinguish between the normal and early cancerous liver tissues with unaided human eye from the FFOCT images, the gray-scale features of the two kinds of the FFOCT images were extracted and statistical analysis was made to identify the differences between them in the values of parameters characterizing their features. The results showed that four of the five characteristic parameters, including mean, variance and kurtosis etc., showed significant differences between normal and cancerous liver tissues, which can be used to identify whether the liver tissues were cancerous. The results of this study lay a foundation for further study on how to use the feature parameters extracted from the FFOCT images as the pathological indicators of cancerous tissues in the actual clinical diagnosis..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 36 (2021)
An Experimental Study Based on g-C3N4@C-TiO2 Nanoparticles to Enhance Visible-light-driven Photodynamic Therapy for HL60 Cells in vitro
FANG Jie, WANG Jian, ZHANG Qiyun, LI Miaomiao, XIAO Mucang, AI Baoquan, and XIONG Jianwen
C-doped TiO2 nanoparticles combined with g-C3N4 were prepared by chemical vapor deposition, using X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer to characterize nanoparticles. The effects of g-C3N4@C-TiO2 nanoparticles onC-doped TiO2 nanoparticles combined with g-C3N4 were prepared by chemical vapor deposition, using X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer to characterize nanoparticles. The effects of g-C3N4@C-TiO2 nanoparticles on HL60 cells in vitro were explored in dark and under light irradiation. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to investigate the viability of HL60 cells treated with nanoparticles with a series of concentration gradients, and the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species was detected via fluorescent probe labeling technology. The experimental results showed that by modifying g-C3N4 on the surface of C-TiO2, the absorption wavelength range of TiO2 could be extended to the visible band. The particle size of g-C3N4@C-TiO2 prepared was about 10~20 nm, which met the size requirement of entering cells. Dark toxicity experiment proved that g-C3N4@C-TiO2 nanoparticles were less toxic to cells under darkroom conditions, which suggested they had good biocompatibility. Meanwhile, compared with the groups treated?with?TiO2 and C-TiO2?nanoparticles, the photocatalytic inactivation efficiency of the group treated with g-C3N4@C-TiO2 was as high as (76.5±1.9)% under light irradiation, indicating its potential as a potential photosensitizer for the treatment of leukemia..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 43 (2021)
Genetic Polymorphism and Structure of 29 Y-STR Loci from Populations of Hui, Miao and Yi in Guizhou Area and Analysis of Their Genetic Relationships with Seven Other Populations
WANG Jing, MA Wenhua, DONG Yingqiang, LIU Xingyu, XIE Ying, JIANG Li, LI Wanshui, ZHAO Xingchun, and ZHANG Jian
Genetic polymorphism and structure analysis of 29 Y-STR loci from populations of Hui, Miao and Yi in Guizhou area were studied, and their genetic relationships with seven other populations were analyzed. DNATyperTMY29 kit was used to detect samples in 309 individuals of Miao, 291 individuals of Hui and 331 individuals Genetic polymorphism and structure analysis of 29 Y-STR loci from populations of Hui, Miao and Yi in Guizhou area were studied, and their genetic relationships with seven other populations were analyzed. DNATyperTMY29 kit was used to detect samples in 309 individuals of Miao, 291 individuals of Hui and 331 individuals of Yi of Guizhou. The allele frequency and gene diversity of 29 Y-STR loci were analyzed, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was analyzed by YHRD online software. 816 different haplotypes were observed in 931 unrelated individuals from the three ethnic groups of Hui, Miao and Yi in Guizhou, and the haplotype diversities were determined as 0.995?5, 0.998?9 and 0.999?1. The genetic diversity (GD) in Hui, Miao and Yi were 0.289?9 to 0.874?7, 0.252?3 to 0.915?5 and 0.316?2 to 0.947?9, individually. AMOVA analysis showed that the genetic distance among 10 populations ranged from 0.007 8 to 0.138?9. The results showed that the 29 Y-STR loci were highly polymorphic in Hui, Miao and Yi populations in Guizhou. The data obtained in this study can provide basic data support for forensic science and population genetics research of the above population..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 52 (2021)
Genome-wide Analysis of Radiation-induced Mutations in Rice Mutant
ZHANG Li, ZHANG Yong, ZHANG Yuanhai, ZHANG Yiyan, XIE Tao, PENG Xuanming, and YANG Zhen
Radiation-induced?mutation?has?been?efficiently?used?for?rice?germplasm?innovation.?In order?to?characterize?its?molecular?mechanisms,?whole?genome-wide?sequencing?was?performed?to?analyze?the?variations?in?γ-radiation-induced?rice?mutant?Xiangfu 1821?and?the?wildtype?Huanghuazhan. Compared with the reference R498, a tRadiation-induced?mutation?has?been?efficiently?used?for?rice?germplasm?innovation.?In order?to?characterize?its?molecular?mechanisms,?whole?genome-wide?sequencing?was?performed?to?analyze?the?variations?in?γ-radiation-induced?rice?mutant?Xiangfu 1821?and?the?wildtype?Huanghuazhan. Compared with the reference R498, a total of 758?215 and 799?434 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 142?313 and 147?686 insertions/deletions (InDels), 16?775 and 18?382 structural variations and 16?614 and 17?658 copy number variations were identified in Huanghuazhan and Xiangfu 1821, respectively. The ratio of transitions to transversions was ~2.5 in Huanghuazhan and Xiangfu?1821, the transitions was the main type. There was a greater number of shorter InDels than longer InDels, suggesting that point mutation was the dominant type of mutations in Huanghuazhan and Xiangfu 1821. Copy number reduction was the main copy number variation type of Huanghuazhan and Xiangfu 1821. Through?an?integrative?analysis?of?sequence?variations?between?Huanghuazhan?and?Xiangfu 1821,?we?identified?86?163?SNPs?and?88?777?InDels. The genes that included SNPs between Huanghuazhan and Xiangfu?1821 were used for GO analysis. Among the 3 092 candidate genes, 70% of them were involved in biological processes. These results will help to understand the phenotype of Xiangfu 1821 and provide novel insights into mechanism of the mutation breeding..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 59 (2021)
Target Gene Prediction and Bioinformatic Analysis of hsa-miR-146a-5p
WANG Dao, ZHU Hongyi, and CHU Yi
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a key regulator in the processes of disease development, however its regulatory mechanism in inflammatory reaction, immune response, especially in tumors is still unknown. In this study, we firstly predicted and analyzed the location, sequence conservation of hsa-miR-146a-5p aiming to get deep insigMicroRNA (miRNA) is a key regulator in the processes of disease development, however its regulatory mechanism in inflammatory reaction, immune response, especially in tumors is still unknown. In this study, we firstly predicted and analyzed the location, sequence conservation of hsa-miR-146a-5p aiming to get deep insight into the expression level in different tissues. Meanwhile, the target genes of hsa-miR-146a-5p were predicted by Targetscan7.1, miRDB, mirDIP and DIANA TOOLS. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed through String 11.0. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed on Omicshare platform and KOBAS databases. The results have indicated that the mature sequences of hsa-miR-146a-5p was highly conserved, with important biological functions. The 73 target genes intersect mainly involved transcriptional activity, structural molecular activity, catalytic activity, and activation of transcription factor active ligands. The significantly enriched biological processes included metabolism, signal transduction, positive or negative regulation, and they were related to Toll-like receptors pathway, NF-κB pathway, RIG-I like receptors and other signaling pathways. Our study was preliminarily conducted to elucidate that hsa-miR-146a-5p participates in tumorigenesis, immune response and inflammatory stimulation by regulating target genes, which would be a novel biomarker and therapeutic target..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 75 (2021)
Primary Research on Arabidopsis thaliana Lipid Transfer Protein 2 Involved in the Regualation of Ethylene Signal Transduction
ZHANG Liqi, HUANG Ke, XIAO Shuai, LIU Qing, LI Haiou, and XIAO Langtao
The Arabidopsis thaliana wild type (Col-0) and lipid transfer protein 2 (LTP2) mutant ltp2 were used as experimental materials to study the roles of LTP2 in ethylene signal transduction. Using ACC, which is a precursor of ethylene to treat wild type and ltp2 mutant, the results showed that the expression of LTP2 was inThe Arabidopsis thaliana wild type (Col-0) and lipid transfer protein 2 (LTP2) mutant ltp2 were used as experimental materials to study the roles of LTP2 in ethylene signal transduction. Using ACC, which is a precursor of ethylene to treat wild type and ltp2 mutant, the results showed that the expression of LTP2 was induced by ethylene, and the phenotypes of triple?response also showed that the sensitivety of ltp2 was weaker than that of wild type. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of loss-of-function mutation in the LTP2 gene to some genes by Real-time PCR, including the relative expression of ethylene signal transduction genes (RTE1, ETR1, CTR1, EIN2 and EIN3), ethylene response factor genes (ERF1, ERF2 and ERF9) and waxy synthetase genes (CER3 and CER6). In the absence of ACC treatment, the relative expression levels of ETR1, EIN2, ERF1, ERF2, ERF9 and CER6 of ltp2 were higher than that of the wild type, while EIN3 and CER3 of ltp2 were lower than that of the wild type. After application of ACC treatment, the relative expression level of RTE1 in the ltp2 mutant was about half that of the wild type, and the relative expression levels of CTR1 and CER3 were higher than that of the wild type, and all the examined three ERF genes(ERF1, ERF2, ERF9) showed higher expression levels compared to the wild type. The above results suggest that LTP2 is involved in ethylene signal transduction..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 84 (2021)
A Study on Extraction Method and Content of Total Flavonoids in Perilla frutescens Seeds from Different Regions
LI Rui, LI Jiaojiao, ZHANG Congcong, ZHOU Xi, and GAO Rongkun
To clarify the extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens seeds and the content of flavonoids in Perilla frutescens seeds from different regions, ethanol heating extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction were used to study the extraction concentration, extraction time and extraction temperatuTo clarify the extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens seeds and the content of flavonoids in Perilla frutescens seeds from different regions, ethanol heating extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction were used to study the extraction concentration, extraction time and extraction temperature. In order to determine the contents of rutin and luteolin in Perilla frutescens seeds from different regions, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used. The results showed that the total flavonoids from Perilla frutescens seeds was extracted with 80% ethanol, the extraction rate was up to 4.39% with the temperature being controlled at 70℃ and extracting for 120 min. Under the same condition, the extraction rate was up to 4.27% with ultrasound-assisted extracting for 90 min. The ultrasonic extraction method was simple, rapid and accurate, whereas not suitable for long-term extraction. The total flavonoid content in Perilla frutescens seeds from the four tested regions was significantly different (F=17.592?0, P=0.000?7). The content of total flavonoids from Zhongning Ningxia was 1.73 times higher than that from Lantian Shaanxi. And the content of rutin and luteolin in seeds from different regions was different. The content of rutin from Zhongning Ningxia was the highest. The content of luteolin from Duyun Guizhou was the highest..
Acta Laser Biology Sinica
- Publication Date: Aug. 23, 2021
- Vol. 30, Issue 1, 91 (2021)