Journals >Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
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2025
Volume: 42 Issue 3
13 Article(s)
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Mechanism of vitamin C and 9,10⁃anthraquinone photoinduced reaction based on time⁃resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy technology
WEI Yaxiong, FU Tingting, LIU Yi, and XU Xinsheng
The photoinduced reactions between antioxidant vitamin C (VC) and 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) in excited triplet state were studied using time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and transient absorption spectroscopy techniques in different ethylene glycol-water micelle solutions prepared with different kThe photoinduced reactions between antioxidant vitamin C (VC) and 9,10-anthraquinone (AQ) in excited triplet state were studied using time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and transient absorption spectroscopy techniques in different ethylene glycol-water micelle solutions prepared with different kinds of surfactants, such as nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, sodium di (-2-ethylhexyl) succinate sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The results indicate that the reaction mechanism between VC and AQ in homogeneous and micelle solutions is essentially hydrogen atom transfer. By comparing the bimolecular reaction rates between AQ and VC in different micelle solutions, it is found that the charge type of the surface charge layer of the micelles has a decisive impact on the reaction rate. Specifically, the anionic shell of SDS micelles will reduce the reaction rate by electrostatic repulsion of VC anions, while the cationic shell of CTAB micelles will greatly accelerate the reaction rate by electrostatic attraction of VC anions..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 295 (2025)
Dissociation and excitation properties of 5- bromo- 2- fluoronitrobenzene molecule under external electric field
ZHANG Min, and QIN Chen
The effects of external electric field (0-0.040 arb. units) on the structure parameter, natural bond orbital charge distribution, electric dipole moment, energy gap and potential energy curve of 5-bromo-2-fluoronitrobenzene (5Br2FNB) molecule were investigated by using DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method in this work. The exThe effects of external electric field (0-0.040 arb. units) on the structure parameter, natural bond orbital charge distribution, electric dipole moment, energy gap and potential energy curve of 5-bromo-2-fluoronitrobenzene (5Br2FNB) molecule were investigated by using DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method in this work. The excitation energy and hole-electron of the molecule under different external electric fields were also studied by TD-DFT/B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method. The results show that, with the increase of external electric field intensity, the bond length of C(5)-Br(10) and the electronegativity of Br(10) atom increases, and the HOMO and LUMO energy, energy gap, excitation energy and potential barrier all show an overall decreasing trend, indicating that the stability of the molecule decreases gradually. All the analyses indicate that C(5)-Br(10) bond dissociation has occurred when the external electric field intensity exceeds 0.030 arb. units. According to the hole-electron analysis, it is shown that when the external electric field intensity range is 0-0.010 arb. units, the S0→S1 excitation of the molecule is local excitation, and when the external electric field intensity range is 0.020-0.030 arb. units, S0→S1 is charge transfer excitation. However, when the external electric field is 0.040 arb. units, S0→S1 transforms again into local excitation, which means that the charges of molecule begin to redistribute after the C(5)-Br(10) bond breakage, further confirming that the C(5)-Br(10) bond begins to dissociate when the external electric field intensity reaches 0.030 arb. units. This study has important reference value for deeper understanding of the dissociation mechanism of 5Br2FNB molecule under external electric fields..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 304 (2025)
Long optical⁃path A‐type gas chamber for methane sensor
FANG Cun, YU Shenglin, and TENG Xuesong
Infrared gas chamber is an essential part of a non-dispersive infrared methane sensor and directly affects the performance of the sensor. In this study, based on the Lambert-Beer law, a reflective A-type gas chamber was designed, and the corresponding parameters of the gas chamber were optimized by simulation. ComparedInfrared gas chamber is an essential part of a non-dispersive infrared methane sensor and directly affects the performance of the sensor. In this study, based on the Lambert-Beer law, a reflective A-type gas chamber was designed, and the corresponding parameters of the gas chamber were optimized by simulation. Compared with the direct gas chamber, the optical-path length of the reflective A-type chamber is about twice that of the direct gas chamber with the same volume and outline. And compared with the existing reflective chambers, although there is no significant difference about the optical-path length-to-area ratio, the luminous flux utilisation efficiency of the reflective A-type chamber is increased by 57.827%. Overall, the new gas chamber designed in this study compensates for the short optical-path length of the traditional direct gas chamber and the low luminous flux utilisation efficiency of the existing reflective gas chamber, and has the advantages of long optical-path and high luminous flux utilisation efficiency..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 324 (2025)
Design and implementation of moving mirror controller for double swing arm interferometer
TAO Qigui, LI Dacheng, WANG Anjing, LI Yangyu, and SHI Hailiang
The control effect of the interferometer moving mirror affects the performance of the Fourier spectrometer, and previous studies have shown that the double swing arm interferometer has better stability than the classic Michelson interferometer. However, due to the limitations of the manufacturing process and other factThe control effect of the interferometer moving mirror affects the performance of the Fourier spectrometer, and previous studies have shown that the double swing arm interferometer has better stability than the classic Michelson interferometer. However, due to the limitations of the manufacturing process and other factors, it is difficult to completely rely on the hardware to eliminate the problem that tilt will increase the control error of moving mirror. Therefore, this paper attempts to achieve the requirement that the control error of the interferometer moving mirror should not exceed 2% when the environmental parameters change from the perspective of the control method. Based on the analysis of the moving mirror controller, a software and hardware platform is built in this work, realizing the acquisition and communication of control signals on the hardware and the periodic swing of the moving mirror on the software. In the constant speed stage of periodic swing, the classic proportional-integral-differential (PID) control and fuzzy PID control are used in the controller respectively, and the test and data sampling are carried out under different conditions of horizontal and tilt. The test results show that compared with the classic PID control, the fuzzy PID control has better control effect for the moving mirror when system parameters change, with the error within 0.7% and an average error of 0.15% in horizontal condition, and the error within 1% and an average error of 0.29% in tilt condition. The control method proposed in this work provides a reference for the application and expansion of Fourier spectrometer in complex environments..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 334 (2025)
Demodulation of laser Doppler vibration signal based on carrier spectrum analysis
ZHU Jun, ZHANG Mingwei, SHI Penglei, HOU Cong, LI Xiang, and YU Benli
Laser Doppler vibration measurement mostly uses laser heterodyne method, which requires orthogonal mixing, filtering, and arc tangent operations in the demodulation process, and the demodulation process is very complex process with high hardware requirements. In this work, we propose a spectrum analysis method based onLaser Doppler vibration measurement mostly uses laser heterodyne method, which requires orthogonal mixing, filtering, and arc tangent operations in the demodulation process, and the demodulation process is very complex process with high hardware requirements. In this work, we propose a spectrum analysis method based on laser Doppler carrier signal, which uses the intensity relationship between the carrier main frequency and the side frequency caused by vibration signal to directly resolve the amplitude and frequency information of vibration target, and its maximum detectable amount is not limited by the conventional heterodyne demodulation limit. The feasibility of the method is further verified by simulation and experimental study. In the benchmarking experiment with the standard vibration sources, when the distance from the vibration target is 17 m, and the vibration target frequency range is 60 Hz–20 kHz, the measured amplitude range of the scattered light signal is 21.44 pm–44.21 μm, showing excellent demodulation consistency with the reference value. It is indicated that the spectrum analysis method proposed in this work can be applied to non-contact long-distance measurement of smooth vibration signals..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 345 (2025)
Key error correction method with low complexity for satellite‐to‐ground quantum key distribution experiment based on polar codes
YIN Zixin, and LIU Weiyue
Error correction is crucial for satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution (QKD). Among many error correction algorithms, polar codes have higher coding efficiency and error correction speed. In the satellite-to-ground QKD system based on polar codes, not only satellites face the problems such as volume, quality and Error correction is crucial for satellite-to-ground quantum key distribution (QKD). Among many error correction algorithms, polar codes have higher coding efficiency and error correction speed. In the satellite-to-ground QKD system based on polar codes, not only satellites face the problems such as volume, quality and power consumption, but also ground stations is constantly pursuing the integration of equipment. Therefore, in order to realize low-cost satellite-to-ground QKD equipment, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) based on successive cancellation (SC) decoder with low hardware complexity is proposed. The anaylsis shows that the decoder can achieve a throughput of 29.7 Mbit/s when the code length N is 1024, and the consumption numbers of the hardware resource indicator lookup table (LUT) and flip-flops (FF) are 5.7% and 10% of that of the linear structure decoder, respectively. Further satellite-to-ground QKD data reconciliation simulation experiments show that under the conditions of typical system parameters, when the code length is 64 K, the security rate of the decoder can reach 27.9 kbit/s..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 354 (2025)
Spin squeezing and quantum entanglement in Lipkin‐Meshkov‐Glick model
LI Songsong
Spin squeezing and quantum entanglement have significant and widespread applications in quantum information processing. Therefore, how to generate spin squeezing and quantum entanglement in various quantum systems has become a very important research topic. In this paper, we theoretically investigate how to generate spSpin squeezing and quantum entanglement have significant and widespread applications in quantum information processing. Therefore, how to generate spin squeezing and quantum entanglement in various quantum systems has become a very important research topic. In this paper, we theoretically investigate how to generate spin squeezing and quantum entanglement in the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model. Using spin-wave approximation, we analytically calculate the effects of the spin-spin interaction parameter and the linear interaction parameter on quantum entanglement and spin squeezing. The results show that spin squeezing and quantum entanglement can be periodically generated by adjusting the linear interaction strength, spin-spin interaction strength and its evolution time. And it is also shown that the smaller the linear interaction parameter or the stronger the spin-spin interaction, the better the entanglement and spin squeezing, and the larger the period..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 361 (2025)
Optimized design of multi⁃band terahertz electromagnetically induced transparency⁃like metamaterial sensor based on genetic algorithm
GE Hongyi, JIA Zhiyuan, JIANG Yuying, ZHANG Yuan, WU Xuyang, JI Xiaodi, SUN Zhenyu, and CUI Guangyuan
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) -like effects in metamaterials provide a unique approach to enhance the light-matter interactions, and demonstrates great potential in high-sensitivity sensing. However, the conventional optimization methods for terahertz metamaterials rely heavily on the researchers' Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) -like effects in metamaterials provide a unique approach to enhance the light-matter interactions, and demonstrates great potential in high-sensitivity sensing. However, the conventional optimization methods for terahertz metamaterials rely heavily on the researchers' experiences, so to achieve rapid optimization and high sensitivity across multiple frequency bands remains challenging. To address these challenges, a metamaterial sensor with EIT-like effect is designed and optimized in this work using genetic algorithm, and automatic optimization of parameters is achieved by combining three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation calculations with genetic algorithms. The results demonstrate that utilizing genetic algorithm to optimize the structural parameters of the sensor can reduce a large number of repetitive manual operations and significantly improve the design efficiency. The designed sensor generates three EIT-like transparent windows in the 0.3–1.5 THz frequency range, and the coupling of the excited electric field with the analyte to be measured is enhanced by means of substrate etching, which significantly improves the sensitivity of the sensor. In addition, in order to verify the potential of the designed EIT metamaterial as a biosensor, simulation-based sensing experiments are conducted for detecting pesticide analytes. The results show that the sensor is able to distinguish substances with different refractive indexes by resonance frequency shift and has the advantage of multi-point feature matching, which has a promising development prospect in the field of sensing and detection..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 369 (2025)
Research on highly sensitive ozone detection technology based on high precision cavity
LIU Menghui, TONG Jinzhao, LIN Chuan, HUANG Chenguang, and XIE Pinhua
In this study, a highly sensitive ozone detection system based on high precision cavity technology was developed. A deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode (DUV-LED) with a center wavelength of 266 nm was used as light source, and an optical cavity with a length of 30 cm was constructed with two high reflectance mirrors In this study, a highly sensitive ozone detection system based on high precision cavity technology was developed. A deep ultraviolet light-emitting diode (DUV-LED) with a center wavelength of 266 nm was used as light source, and an optical cavity with a length of 30 cm was constructed with two high reflectance mirrors with a reflectivity of 99.7%, which achieved an effective absorbing optical path of 84.7 m. Firstly, the stability of the DUV-LED light source and the interference of other gases at the center wavelength were investigated, and the effective cavity length and the cavity extinction value of the system were calibrated. Then, the performance of the system was evaluated using Allan variance, and it showed that the integrated system had a detection limit of 129×10-12 (1σ) for O3 at a time resolution of 1 s, with a total system uncertainty of 6.2%. Finally, to verify the environmental adaptability and stability of the system, the system was employed in a continuous 3 d comprehensive field observation at Hefei Science Island (China), and compared with the commercial instrument Thermo-49i. The observation results show that the O3 concentrations measured by the two systems have good consistency, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98, a slope of 1.01, and an intercept of 0.75. The consistency verifies the accuracy and reliability of the system in measuring O3, proving that the system can be applied to accurate measurement of O3 with high sensitivity and high time resolution in real environments..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 381 (2025)
Influence of color temperature on color gamut volume, gamut coverage, and light efficiency in four⁃primary laser display systems
LI Ting, ZHU Liquan, CHEN Yuantong, XU Lixin, and GU Chun
Laser displays, known for their advantages of wide color gamut, high resolution, and high brightness, have emerged as representatives of the fourth generation of wide color gamut displays. To achieve even larger color gamut in display technology, combining multi-primary color techniques with laser displays has been expLaser displays, known for their advantages of wide color gamut, high resolution, and high brightness, have emerged as representatives of the fourth generation of wide color gamut displays. To achieve even larger color gamut in display technology, combining multi-primary color techniques with laser displays has been explored. However, a challenge arises due to the variation of color temperature in the white balance point of display systems, which can affect the range of colors that these systems can reproduce. To address this issue, theoretical research was firstly conducted to investigate how different color temperatures impact the three-dimensional color gamut, volume-coverage ratio, and light efficiency of a four-primary laser display system, and then these theoretical findings were experimentally validated. The study reveals that, in multi-primary laser display systems, using higher color temperatures for white balance points can expand the three-dimensional color gamut and enhance color representation. And at the same time, as the color temperature increases, the light efficiency value will rise, albeit with a slight decrease in color gamut volume-coverage ratio. For those prioritizing superior color fidelity, a color temperature of 6500 K is recommended. While taking into account factors such as the volume of three-dimensional color gamut, color gamut volume-coverage ratio and light efficiency, it is advisable to choose an appropriate color temperature within the range of 6500 K to 20000 K. This research provides valuable insights for the design and construction of four-primary and multi-primary color display systems..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 391 (2025)
A method of suppressing laser interference fringes to enhance signal⁃to⁃noise ratio of laser wavelength modulation
CHENG Xin, CAO Yanan, MA Yanying, LI Yan, CHENG Gang, and TIAN Xing
To suppress the optical interference fringes generated by dense-pattern optical multipass cells and enhance the detection accuracy and sensitivity of gas sensors, this work proposes a data averaging method within integer multiples (100) of the free spectral range to suppress laser optical interference fringes, in whichTo suppress the optical interference fringes generated by dense-pattern optical multipass cells and enhance the detection accuracy and sensitivity of gas sensors, this work proposes a data averaging method within integer multiples (100) of the free spectral range to suppress laser optical interference fringes, in which the detection accuracy,sensitivity, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for trace gas can be improved by investigating optimal average number of data points. Experimental results demonstrate that compared with the baseline standard deviations of 0.019 arb. units and 0.063 arb. units of the second harmonic signal obtained by the conventional interference fringe suppression method, those obtained by the porposed novel interference fringe suppression method 0.003 arb.units and 0.0066 arb.units respectively, increasing 6.33 times and 9.55 times correspondingly. The SNR of the novel method is increased by factors of 4.24 and 6.48 respectively. The detection sensitivity is 0.0008 ug/m-3, increased by a factor of approximately 3.75. The detection accuracy is 0.49 ug/m-3, increased by about 1.5 times. It is indicated that this proposed mthod can effectively mitigate the influence of optical interference fringes on measurement outcomes..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 405 (2025)
History of Science and Technology
Development process of the international first 10 GW tunable Nd‐glass laser system (Huaguang Setup)
LIN Xinyue, WANG Long, and LIU Rui
In the 1980s, researchers from the Intense Laser Physics Laboratory of the University of Science and Technology of China overcame various theoretical, technical and financial difficulties, successfully developed the first 10 GW tunable neodymium (Nd) glass laser system (Huaguang Setup) in the world, which was stabilizeIn the 1980s, researchers from the Intense Laser Physics Laboratory of the University of Science and Technology of China overcame various theoretical, technical and financial difficulties, successfully developed the first 10 GW tunable neodymium (Nd) glass laser system (Huaguang Setup) in the world, which was stabilized for laser output and passed the appraisal on 25 November 1989. The successful development of Huaguang Setup not only provided a new platform for the research of laser-matter interaction and other frontier sciences, but also made an important contribution to the cultivation of high-level laser science and technology talents in China. Based on the historical literature and archives, combined with the interviews of the main experimental personnel involved in the development of Huaguang Setup, this paper makes a systematic review of the historical background and development process of Huaguang Setup, and preliminary explores the reasons for the successful development of the setup..
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 425 (2025)
Optical Material
Calculation of spectral parameters of Tm,Ho:GdScO3 crystal
ZHANG Junrui, ZHANG Qingli, Sun Guihua, Li Jiahong, Wang Xiaofei, and Dou Renqin
High quality single crystals of Tm,Ho:GdScO3 were grown using the Czochralski method. The transmittance spectra of (100), (010) and (001) planes of the crystal were measured at room temperature, and the absorption coefficient and absorption cross-section of the crystal were calculated. The transition intensity parameteHigh quality single crystals of Tm,Ho:GdScO3 were grown using the Czochralski method. The transmittance spectra of (100), (010) and (001) planes of the crystal were measured at room temperature, and the absorption coefficient and absorption cross-section of the crystal were calculated. The transition intensity parameters
Chinese Journal of Quantum Electronics
- Publication Date: May. 28, 2025
- Vol. 42, Issue 3, 414 (2025)
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