The application of high-volume fly ash in 3D printing concrete has the problem of reduced performance such as buildability and compressive strength. In order to improve this problem,attapulgite was used as an admixture in this paper. The effect of attapulgite clay (ATP) content (0%,1%,2% and 3%,mass fraction) on the working performance and compressive strength of high-volume fly ash 3D printing cement-based materials was studied. The results show that ATP adsorbs a large amount of water in slurry and fills the voids of larger cement particles,which reduces the fluidity of slurry and increases the strength and yield stress of slurry. When the content of ATP is 1%~3%,the extrudability and buildability of sample are good. With the increase of ATP content,the compressive strength of the printed test block curing for 7 and 70 d in X,Y and Z directions is higher than that of control group. When the curing time is 7 d,the compressive strength of sample with 3% ATP in Z direction is the largest,which is 14.0 MPa. When the curing time is 70 d,the compressive strength of sample with 2% ATP in Y direction is the largest,reaching 24.1 MPa.