The application of waste tires to concrete preparation is an effective way to realize the resource utilization, recycling of roadside waste as well as low-carbon green construction. In order to further expand the application range of rubber concrete and prolong its service life in complex environments, this paper systematically summarizes and concludes the durability of rubber concrete. Firstly, this paper introduces the common pretreatment methods of rubber particles for the preparation of rubber concrete, then summarizes the effects of rubber particles on its water absorption, dry shrinkage resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, carbonation resistance, chloride ion permeability resistance and corrosion resistance from a macroscopic point of view, and finally explores the role of rubber particles on the durability of concrete from a microscopic point of view. Pretreatment of rubber particles helps to improve the insufficient bonding at the interfacial transition zone between rubber particles and cement matrix in concrete. In addition, the rubber concrete structures show better chloride ion permeability resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, carbonation resistance and corrosion resistance.