Spaceborne laser spot images are susceptible to the influence of complex light backgrounds during collection, resulting in poor accuracy in extracting laser spot feature parameters. Therefore, a method for extracting feature parameters of spaceborne laser spot images in complex light environments is proposed. Firstly, the Retinex image enhancement algorithm based on illumination correction implements illumination compensation and enhancement processing on the spaceborne laser spot image to eliminate the impact of complex lighting environments; Secondly, based on the combination of secondary threshold segmentation and morphological denoising, the extraction of light spot boundaries is completed; Finally, a combination of first-order grayscale centroid method and ellipse fitting method is used to extract the feature parameters of laser spot images. The simulation results show that the proposed method maintains a feature parameter extraction accuracy of over 95% for spaceborne laser spot images, and has good extraction performance.