In this paper, two chaotic systems with common parameters were used to generate new templates that could replace the random phase templates of the traditional double random phase encoding system. The plaintext image was encoded as phase information to overcame the insensitivity of the first random phase template of the original traditional double random phase encoding system. A generalized Fibonacci chaotic system, which could generate uniform and unrelated random sequences, was constructed to generate evenly distributed phase templates for image encryption and improve the efficiency of key transmission and the sensitivity of the keys. The complex-valued image obtained by the first encryption was replaced by extracting its original amplitude and phase for re-encryption. Therefore the problem that the pixel values of the complex-valued image could not be substituted by bitwise-operation of "xor"was solved, and the pixel value distribution of the ciphertext image became more uniform. The entropy of information reached 7.995 8, which could effectively resist statistical analysis attacks. In the second encryption, the chaotic initial value of the encryption template was connected with the first encryption ciphertext. The number of pixels change rate of 0.995 239 was closer to the ideal expected value. The connection enhanced the sensitivity of the plaintext and the ability of the resistance to choice plaintext attack. Simulation results show that this method can effectively increase the key space and the sensitivity of the keys. Moreover the encryption efficiency and the security of the encryption system are improved effectively.