A novel three-dimensional profilometry technique by optical fiber interference projection is presented. This technique uses fiber laser interference fringes with fine sinusoidal property as carrier fringes to project. Take the wavelength-modulated laser as the light source to make the purpose of interference fringe phase-shift by accurately changing the current. The phase and three-dimensional (3D) profile of object can be calculated by the phase-shifting algorithm. In this experiment, the repetitive deviation of object diameter under 50 mm is less than 30 μm root-mean-square by using overlapping averaging 4-frame algorithm.