In order to support the large-capacity communication transmission based on Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM), this paper discusses the design and fabrication of new OAM signal transmission fibers to meet the needs of special optical fibers which can greatly improve the spectral efficiency and capacity of communication systems. This paper simulates and evaluates the mode characteristics and propagation effects of OAM modes in optical fibers with different waveguide structures. The implementation includes a gradient-index single-ring core OAM fiber supporting 28 effective OAM channels for 50 km transmission, and a three-ring core-structure OAM transmission fiber supporting 96 active OAM channels. Moreover, the optical fiber fabrication technology that supports more stable OAM modes transmission, such as polarization-maintaining OAM transmission fiber, is explored through numerical simulation and experimental demonstration.