The frequency modulation continuous wave (FMCW) laser detecting technology has the advantages of high detecting precision and strong anti-interference ability by combining the ranging principle of FMCW and the advantages of laser. In order to verify the detecting principle and detecting performance of FMCW laser, the detecting system of FMCW laser fuze was designed, which included laser emission subsystem, laser receiving subsystem, and laser echo signal processing subsystem. The FMCW laser fuze detecting system can transmit and receive FMCW laser, process echo signal of FMCW laser, and output the information of detecting distance at last. The ranging performance of detecting system was tested. The experimental results show that the maximum detecting range of FMCW laser fuze detecting system is 12 m, and the ranging error is within ±0.3 m. The FMCW laser fuze detecting system has the advantage of high detecting precision and can be used in FMCW laser fuze.