The first large-scale application of optical fiber communication technology on the international space station （ISS） isan important milestone in the application of optical communication technology from the ground to space. The technological developmentof space optical cable and optical fiber connector used for optical fiber communication in ISS is reviewed, and the specialrequirements of ISS for optical fiber communication technology are expounded. The space adaptability test of optical fiberdevices carried out by national aeronautics and space administration （NASA）, NASA and european space agency （ESA） are responsiblefor building the optical fiber communication system of the module, and the quality investigation and rectification processof the defects of ISS optical fiber communication devices by NASA are introduced. Based on the case analysis of ISS opticalfiber communication device quality problems, the problems and lessons in manufacturing, process, materials, environment, inspectionand management of aerospace optical cable and optical fiber connector are summarized. Finally, the development directionof aerospace optical fiber communication devices is prospected.