As one of the main air pollutants, the concentration change of carbon monoxide is the important indicator of air quality. For the need of high sensitive infrared spectroscopy detection on CO, which is one of the most important atmospheric pollution components, the characteristics of high resolution absorption spectroscopy detection method are studied, and the high resolution absorption spectra of CO near 1.56 μm are recorded accurately by using a distributed feed-back (DFB) diode laser, which has narrow line width and works at room temperature as light source. The Voigt profile model is used for absorption spectral lines fitting, and the center wavelengths, line intensities and self-broadening coefficients of CO lines are precisely measured and compared with theoretical results.