High-rate techniques, such as optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) and color shift keying (CSK), have been proposed for visible light communication (VLC). To fully exploit their advantages, in this Letter, we design a modulation scheme called rotated polarity modulation (RPM) aided complex CSK (CCSK) for OFDM-based VLC systems and derive its theoretical bit error rate and an optimal scaling factor. Analytical and simulation results show that in comparison to the existing schemes, the new RPM-CCSK-OFDM system offers an improved link performance and data rate under a modest complexity. It can also be applied to VLC systems equipped with different types of LED devices, thus enabling flexible deployments.