Based on the clinical available wavefront aberrations of human eye, corneal topography and axial data, 60 individualized eye models were constructed in the optical software Zemax, with which the ingoing wavefront aberrations and outgoing wavefront aberrations under the pupil diameter of 6 mm and of 3 mm were obtained. When the pupil diameter is 6 mm, the ingoing wavefront aberrations and outgoing wavefront aberrations are 3.753 μm and 3.074 μm, respectively, showing a statistically significant difference(p<0.05). The difference of defocus between the ingoing wavefront aberrations and outgoing wavefront aberrations is 1.131μm, which is accounting for 82% of the whole difference. The difference of spherical aberration between the ingoing wavefront aberrations and outgoing wavefront aberrations is 0.185 μm, which contributes 13% of the total difference. Except for higher-order aberrations, the differences in defocus, astigmatism, coma and spherical aberration are statistically different in 6 mm pupil. When the pupil diameter is 3 mm, the ingoing wavefront aberrations and the outgoing wavefront aberrations are 0.804 μm and 0.732 μm, respectively, which difference is statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference in defocus is 0.133 μm, which is accounting for 80% of the total difference. Except for astigmatism, difference in defocus, coma, spherical aberration and higher-order aberrations are statistically different. The results of this study show that the difference between the ingoing wavefront aberrations and the outgoing wavefront aberrations of the human eye is statistically significant, both for large pupil and for small pupil.