The salt control and desalination for treating the secondary damage of silicate materials caused by sticking ointment and soaking method commonly used in salt damage control were investigated by a spraying atomized water vapor method. The salt distributions in the samples before and after treatment were analyzed by laser particle size analysis, X-ray diffraction, visible shortwave infrared hyperspectral imaging analysis and ion chromatograph. The results show that after the atomized water vapor enters the sample, the area where the sample is wetted is a hemisphere centered on the spray point, and the salt in the superficial layer of the sample is transported to the outside of the hemispherical wetting area. Also, the route of controlling the salt distribution by atomized water vapor was proposed, and the feasibility of preventive treatment of salt damage in silicate material was preliminarily verified.