Sensing technology is an important symbol to measure the degree of informatization of a country. The detection of vibration signals plays an important role in industry, especially in the exploration of oil. The vibration sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) has attracted much attention because it has many advantages. In this paper, the principle of fiber Bragg grating vibration sensor is briefly introduced, and the FBG vibration sensor developed in recent years is classified and summarized according to its structure type. The advantages and disadvantages of four kinds of FBG vibration sensors are described, and the FBG vibration sensors with cantilever beam and flexure hinge structure are summarized. The existing FBG vibration sensors are analyzed from three directions and optimization suggestions are put forward. Finally, the development of FBG vibration sensors is predicted and prospected.