The stress distribution characteristic of vacuum glazing due to atmospheric pressure difference, temperature difference and wind load were analyzed according to its typical structure characteristics, and the quantitative calculation formulas of the maximum bending tensile stress were given in this work. The bearing capacity design of vacuum glazing under synergetic effect of long-term and short-term stress was analyzed based on the structural resistance design method. The results show that under the condition of given substrate thickness, the maximum bending tensile stress of vacuum glazing basically increases linearly with the increase of the support spacing. With a given support spacing, the maximum bending tensile stress of vacuum glazing decreases exponentially with the increase of the substrate thickness. The maximum bending tensile stress due to temperature difference is not related to the thickness, length and width of the glass substrate, but related to the expansion coefficient.There is a linear relationship between the temperature difference and the maximum bending tensile stress of vacuum glazing. Under the same conditions, the wind pressure resistance of vacuum glazing is not as good as that of plate glass with equal thickness.Under the synergetic effect of long-term and short-term stress, the design value of vacuum glazing effect under different stress action time should be calculated separately for verification.