In order to overcome the limitations of telescopic observation and computer simulation in space object identification, experimental methods were utilized to emulate spacebased illumination conditions using equipment and techniques that parallel telescopic observations and sourcetargetsensor orientations, while the spectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function of a high fidelity satellite model was characterized. First, the space object spectral scattering model, the axes of rotation system and equipments layout were analyzed. According to real onorbit attitude and orbital elements of the satellite, angular relationship between the observing geometry and the fiveaxis rotation system werebuilt. Finally, in the light of this relationship, parallel emulation during a satellite passage was processed, the rotation system with spectrophotometric data was measured and calibrated. Experimental results focus on luminance glint and peak wavelength drifts shown in the spectral data. The control precision of the rotation axes is 0.5°, and relative precision of spectral measurement is 0.018%. Experimental results indicate that the proposedmethod can realize parallel implementations of space objects observation and serve as a reference for study of shape, materials and rotation condition of nonresolved space objects.