Dy doped Ca1-xDyxMnO3(x=0, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10) thermoelectric materials were prepared by coprecipitation. The phase structure was determined by X-ray diffraction. Fine structure of Dy doped Ca1-xDyxMnO3(x=0,0.02, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10) thermoelectric materials were obtained by refining data with Rietveld powder diffraction full spectrum fitting method. And the high-temperature thermoelectric properties were determined by four probe electrodes. Rietveld refinement results show that the cell parameters and cell volume of CaMnO3 samples gradually increase with the increase of Dy doping. The corresponding resistivity results show that the resistivity of the doped samples decreases with the increase of Dy doping. The room temperature resistivity of Ca0.9Dy0.1MnO3 is the lowest, which is 6.7×10-5 Ω ?m, 1/6 times of that of undoped CaMnO3.