In order to study the effect of grid size on the tensile performance of basalt textile reinforced concrete (BTRC), BTRC sheets with different grid sizes were subjected to uniaxial tensile tests. The failure modes of BTRC sheets were analyzed from macroscopic and mesoscopic scales. In the analysis process, the ACK model was used to verify the constitutive relation equation of the BTRC sheet tension, and the results were compared and verified by finite element simulation. The results show that BTRC sheets exhibit obvious strain-hardening characteristics under tensile load. The failure mode of BTRC sheets is a typical debonding failure, and the smaller the grid size is, the better the bonding performance between the textile and concrete is, and the more microcracks develop by a single crack. The basalt textile cannot significantly improve the cracking strength of concrete matrix, but can effectively increase the ultimate tensile strength. The smaller the grid size of textile is, the more effective fiber bundles are, and the better the tensile strength is.