Time-frequency synchronization technology based on optical fiber transmission has advantages of high accuracy, high stability and low loss. In recent years, optical fiber time-frequency synchronization technology developed rapidly, with the emergence of new methods, new technologies and new applications, and it has strong military application needs and civil promotion prospects too. It is extremely necessary to review its development status and objectively examine its future development trend. On the basis of defining the principle and technical characteristics of optical fiber time-frequency synchronization technology, the current status of optical fiber time synchronization, frequency synchronization and networked synchronization technologies are introduced, the key points in the construction of ground-based time-frequency network are proposed. The problem of restricting the practicality of optical fiber time-frequency synchronization technology is analyzed. It is considered that ultra-long-distance and high precision transmission on commercial networks is the difficulty of restricting optical fiber time-frequency synchronization technology and the key problem to be solved in the future research.