According to the requirements of polarization detection and recognition for space targets, the polarization spectral reflection characteristics of six typical space target materials such as gold insulating film, silver insulating film, monocrystalline silicon, gallium arsenide, satellite coatings SR107 and S781 are investigated. The testing results of material polarization spectrum are analyzed, and the spatial distribution of polarization spectrum characteristics of space target is disclosed. The results show that the spectral characteristics don′t change with the detection angle, the spectral peak doesn't change with the polarization analyzer angle. The half-peak width, characteristic wavelength, polarization retaining and depolarization properties of the materials don′t change with the incidence angle, but the values of characteristic spectral peak at different incidence angles are different. The work may provide guidance for polarization detection of space targets.