To obtain the high resolution retinal vessels imaging, illumination mode of double light sources is adopted in the retinal vessels adaptive optics (AO) imaging system. Because of the existence of ocular chromatic aberration in humans, the actual wavefront and the detected wavefront are inconsistent. Adopting 36 Zernike polynomials to fit the human eye′s wavefront, the research is done on the influence of chromatic aberration on Shack- Hartmann wavefront sensor (S- H WFS) using Liou & Brenann eye model, Navarro eye model and the vivo human eye: for Liou & Brenann and Navarro eye model, the chromatic aberration root mean square (RMS) of 561 nm and 785 nm is 0.09λ and 1.44λ respectively with defocus, and is 0.0025λ and 0.01λ without defocus. For the vivo human eye, the chromatic aberration RMS of 561 nm and 785 nm is 1.92λ with defocus, and is 0.04λ without defocus. According to Maréchal Criterion, the influence on the other chromatic aberrations is under diffractive limit level (1/14λ) excluding defocus. So the influence of chromatic aberration without defocus can be neglected. Defocus resulting from chromatic aberration can be compensated by moving imaging charge coupled device (CCD). According to the results, it is feasible to adopt double light sources to obtain the retinal vessels in AO imaging system.