According to China's construction and engineering mission requirements for high-power laser devices， Tongji University has established a nanosecond- and femtosecond-pulse-laser automated laser-induced damage threshold test system. The system can perform automatic detection， location reinspection， transient diagnosis， and in situ measurement of micrometer and submicrometer damage via a testing process based on the ISO standard and raster scan method. In addition， through extensive academic exchanges and international damage threshold evaluation， an international standard calibration of the measurement results was performed. Utilizing this test system for over a decade， we systematically studied the effects of the following factors on the laser-induced damage threshold： substrate lapping and polishing， ultrasonic cleaning and surface residue， thin film design and large-angle suppression， three-dimensional electric field simulation and the lens-focusing effect， coating material selection and oxidation， geometric shaping control and planarization of nodules， environment retention and transfer control， coating optimization and auxiliary processes， annealing and post-processing， storage environment and anthropogenic pollution， and others. According to the laser damage characteristics of different objects under different parameters and working conditions， the inducement， evolution， and mechanism of laser damage are studied. In addition， the laser damage dynamic characteristics of transmission elements are studied based on pump-probe imaging. Laser-induced damage threshold characterization and damage precursor tracing are the key technologies used by our research group in the development of ultra-high-threshold and large-size laser thin-film devices. Notably， our system provides high-confidence laser-induced damage threshold testing services for several domestic and foreign scientific research institutions， universities， and enterprises.