In order to realize rapid autocollimation of laser beam, decrease the error during manual adjustment of laser beam, and increase real-time performance and friendliness of man-machine interface operation, a visual autocollimation system for laser beam is designed. Secondary development of MV-U2000 image collecting module is carried out with the help of the VC++. The acquisition, real-time display and storage of the image of the laser spot are realized. Through the serial communication between the PC and the STM32, rapid adjustment of laser beam is realized by auto-adjusting the step size of stepper motor. Then, the laser beam collimation is achieved. The experiment results show that the autocollimation system satisfies the application requirement of collimation. The single operation lasts for 2 min and the measurement precision is up to 4.17 μrad. The system has the characteristics of high-integration, user-friendliness and high-transportability.