This paper revolves around the research and production of non-clinker and non-sintered ceramsite with perlite tailings, granulated blast furnace fine slag powder, and water glass as raw materials. The combined influence of the modulus and content of water glass on the intensity of fine slag powder with sodium silicate as activator, and the effect of the combination of fine slag powder and perlite tailings powder on the compressive strength and bulk density of ceramsite cylinders were explored. The results show that when the mass ratio of slag powder to water glass is 90∶10, the best modulus of water glass is 1.06, and the mass ratio of slag powder to perlite tailings is 90∶10, the ceramsite can reach a technical performance on a 28 d standard maintenance that compressive strength of cylinder is 7.50 MPa, the density grade is 900 kg/m3, the porosity is 31.84%, the softening coefficient is 0.92, the mud content is 2.25%, and the boiling mass loss is 2.84%. Besides, after water proof treatment on the surface of the ceramsite, reducing the water absorption rate decreases from 11.68% to 4.88%. The ceramsite is used to prepare LC30 lightweight aggregate concrete for the application of the road base around manholes. The 28 d compressive strength is 35.5 MPa, the density grade is 1 700 kg/m3, and the compression coefficient is 0.001. The application presents a satisfying result, preventing the sinking of the urban road manholes.