With the rapid growth of the demand for wireless communication bandwidth, people's demand for high-speed data access is increasingly urgent. With the aid of visible light communication(VLC) multiplexing techniques, the performance of VLC can overcome the modulation bandwidth constraint and double the transmission capacity of the VLC system, and it is a research hotspot in the field of VLC. This article introduces the basic principles and key technologies of VLC multiplexing techniques, including multi-dimensional multiplexing technique and multiple-in-multiple-out(MIMO) technique proposed in recent years, and looks into the future development based on the research status.