Xu Zhang, Yingbin Xing, Yingbo Chu, Gui Chen, Nengli Dai, Haiqing Li, Jinggang Peng, Jinyan Li. Research Progress on Beam Homogenization and Shaping Technology Using All-Fiber Structure[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2022, 59(15): 1516021
- Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
- Vol. 59, Issue 15, 1516021 (2022)
![High-refractive-index ring structure and simulation results[14]. (a) Refractive index distribution; (b) mode energy distribution at different core refractive indices](/richHtml/lop/2022/59/15/1516021/img_01.jpg)
Fig. 1. High-refractive-index ring structure and simulation results[14]. (a) Refractive index distribution; (b) mode energy distribution at different core refractive indices
![High-refractive-index ring structure and experimental results[15]. (a) Refractive index distribution; (b) output spot energy distribution](/richHtml/lop/2022/59/15/1516021/img_02.jpg)
Fig. 2. High-refractive-index ring structure and experimental results[15]. (a) Refractive index distribution; (b) output spot energy distribution
![Microstructured fibers for beam shaping[16]. (a) Fiber cross section; (b) three-dimensional energy distribution after shaping](/Images/icon/loading.gif){kind=icon}
Fig. 3. Microstructured fibers for beam shaping[16]. (a) Fiber cross section; (b) three-dimensional energy distribution after shaping
Fig. 4. Energy distribution with different inner core sizes[16]
Fig. 5. Cross section of microstructured fiber for obtaining the flat-top fundamental mode and the obtained flat-top fundamental mode[17]. (a) With one air hole replaced by the fiber core; (b) with seven air holes replaced by the fiber core
Fig. 6. Flat top mode fiber[18]. (a) Cross section; (b) refractive index profile; (c) a flat mode simulated in a fiber
Fig. 7. Simulation results at different wavelengths[18]. (a) Flatness of the mode energy distribution at different wavelengths; (b) energy distribution profile of the fundamental mode at different wavelengths
Fig. 8. Experimentally obtained fundamental mode energy distribution profiles at different wavelengths[18]. (a) From 650 nm to 1650 nm; (b) from 950 nm to 1150 nm
Fig. 9. Cross section of Ytterbium-doped leakage channel fiber[19]
Fig. 10. Experimental and simulation results[19]. (a) Nearly flat-top fundamental mode; (b) fundamental mode intensity distribution with different refractive index differences
Fig. 11. Schematic diagram of the experiment of the misaligned alignment of the incident laser in the radial and axial directions[22]
Fig. 12. Beam intensity profile at the near field. (a) Misaligned in radial (x-direction) only[22]; (b) misaligned in axial (z-direction) and radial (x-direction) [22]
Fig. 13. Experimental setup[23]
Fig. 14. Output spot of the single-mode laser after passing through multi-mode fibers with different core diameters[23]. (a) Core diameter of 600 μm; (b) core diameter of 400 μm; (c) core diameter of 200 μm
Fig. 15. Output spot of the single-mode laser after passing through the multi-mode fiber of different lengths[23]. (a) 10 cm; (b) 30 cm; (c) 2 m
Fig. 16. Experimental setup[24]. (a) Beam shaping device with all-fiber structure; (b) special multimode fiber
Fig. 17. Ordinary multimode fiber and special multimode fiber[24]. (a) Number of modes; (b) shaping effect
Fig. 18. Long period gratings for beam shaping[27]. (a) Schematic diagram of experiment; (b) transmission spectrum of the LPG
Fig. 19. Experimental results[27]. (a) 2.1% fundamental mode is optically coupled into LP03 mode; (b) no fundamental mode is optically coupled into LP03 mode
Fig. 20. Experimental results[27].(a) Spot energy distribution at different observation distances; (b) spot energy distribution at different wavelengths at a distance of 12 mm
Fig. 21. Long period grating for 1 μm laser shaping and experimental results[28]. (a) Transmission spectrum of the long period grating; (b) energy distribution of the spot at 13 mm from the fiber end face
Fig. 22. Schematic diagram of tapered fiber beam shaping[32]
Fig. 23. Spot energy distributions observed at Lb=12 mm[32]. (a) 1570.1 nm; (b) 1589 nm
Fig. 24. Spot energy distribution at different positions (Lb=7 mm and 12 mm) after passing through the tapered fiber and after passing through the single-mode fiber[32]. (a) 1570.1 nm; (b) 1589 nm
Fig. 25. Tapered fiber structure for beam shaping[33]. (a) Beam shaping device with all-fiber structure; (b) variation of mode content with propagation distance; (c) experimental results
Fig. 26. Experimental setup[34]. (a) Only the core is etched; (b) core and cladding are etched
Fig. 27. Spot energy distribution[34]. (a) Unetched single-mode fiber; (b) single-mode fiber after 3 min of etching; (c) single-mode fiber after 4 min of etching
Fig. 28. Spot energy distribution observed when fiber tip is at different distances from the CCD camera[34]. (a) 0.5 mm; (b) 2 mm; (c) 2.1 mm; (d) 2.5 mm
Fig. 29. Square core fiber for beam shaping[36]. (a) Fiber cross section; (b) three-dimensional energy distribution of output spot
Fig. 30. Fiber cross section[37]. (a) Fiber end face; (b) cladding air hole
Fig. 31. Near field spot intensity distributions[37]. (a) 633 nm; (b) 1060 nm; (c) melting indium tin oxide with a 1060 nm shaping laser
Fig. 32. Cross section of rectangular core fiber[38]
Fig. 33. Experimental results[38] . (a) Spot images when incident with multimode beam; (b) spot images when incident with Gaussian beam
Fig. 34. Experimental setup and results[39]. (a) Fiber cross section; (b) refractive index distribution; (c) spot energy distribution after 1 m of homogenized fiber
Fig. 35. Spot energy distributions of coupled fundamental mode and second-order mode with different ratios[40]
Fig. 36. All-fiber structure beam shaping device[41]
Fig. 37. Experimental results[41]. (a) Two-dimensional energy distribution diagram of the "doughnut" light spot; (b) two-dimensional energy distribution diagram of the flat-top light spot; (c) three-dimensional energy distribution diagram of the flat-top light spot
Fig. 38. Experimental setup and result diagram of beam shaping for the incoherent superposition structure of fundamental mode and orbital angular momentum[42]
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Table 1. Summary of basic principles of different beam homogenization and shaping technology with fiber structures
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