In this paper, the effects of three typical pore-blocking curing agent solutions, sodium silicate solution, sodium bicarbonate solution, complex sodium silicate solution and sodium hydroxide solution, on the surface properties of different mortars were investigated. The surface rebound strength, surface capillary water absorption and surface carbonization depth of mortar after curing with curing agent solution were measured, and the effect of design parameter of main mix ratio of mortar on the curing effect of surface property of mortar was compared and analyzed. The results show that the curing system of early curing agent solution can effectively improve the surface properties of mortar. After curing with 5% (mass fraction) sodium bicarbonate curing solution, the mortar surface rebound strength increases by 18.8% on average, the surface capillary water absorption decreases by 21.0%, and the surface carbonization depth decreases by 14.1%. In addition, the curing effect of curing agent solution on mortar with high water-cement-density ratio is more obvious.