Imaging differential absorption spectroscopy technology (IDOAS) can obtain the spatial distribution of pollutants. It has been successfully applied to multiple platforms such as ground-based scanning, airborne and spaceborne, providing strong support for environmental monitoring and management. Among them, the ground-based IDOAS is mainly used in the detection of a certain pollution source. The principle of the imaging system based on the “push-broom” mode is analyzed, and the detection technology is applied to the detection of pollutant distribution in urban atmospheric boundary layer. In order to use the DOAS method to invert various trace gas components more efficiently and analyze the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of polluted gases more accurately, the source-level analysis and optimization of QDoas software have been carried out. On the Windows platform, C++ and QT are used to reorganize the QDoas code. By re-extracting, integrating, rewriting, and optimizing the code, a faster and more convenient inversion function module is realized. In order to test the inversion performance of the module, taking the common pollutants NO2 and SO2 in the atmosphere as examples, an on-site observation experiment was carried out in Tongling Fuxin Iron and Steel Plant, China, on November 6, 2019. The two-dimensional distribution image of the polluted gas concentration in the target area is successfully obtained after the data inversion with the new compiled software, which confirms the applicability of the developed software in the actual atmospheric environment monitoring.