Effects of air bubbles on underwater optical wireless communication [Invited]

Daomin Chen; Jiemei Wang; Shangbin Li; Zhengyuan Xu

doi:10.3788/COL201917.100008

Journals >Chinese Optics Letters >Volume 17 >Issue 10 >Page 100008 > Article

Chinese Optics Letters
Vol. 17, Issue 10, 100008 (2019)

Effects of air bubbles on underwater optical wireless communication [Invited]

Daomin Chen, Jiemei Wang, Shangbin Li, and Zhengyuan Xu^*

Author Affiliations

CAS Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China

show less

DOI: 10.3788/COL201917.100008 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Daomin Chen, Jiemei Wang, Shangbin Li, Zhengyuan Xu, "Effects of air bubbles on underwater optical wireless communication [Invited]," Chin. Opt. Lett. 17, 100008 (2019) Copy Citation Text

EndNote(RIS)

BibTex

Plain Text

show less

Experimental platform with controllable bubbles for UOWC: (a) transmitter, (b) water channel with controllable bubble generation, (c) receiver of high speed visible light camera/APD.

Fig. 1. Experimental platform with controllable bubbles for UOWC: (a) transmitter, (b) water channel with controllable bubble generation, (c) receiver of high speed visible light camera/APD.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 2. Series of gray images as bubble density increases.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 3. Series of gray images as bubble size increases.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 4. Statistical distribution model fitting of received signal intensity under different bubble density.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 5. Statistical distribution model fitting of received signal intensity under different bubble size.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 6. BER performance versus bubble density.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 7. BER performance versus bubble size.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 8. BER performance versus bubble density under different PPM modulation orders.

Download full size | View in the Article

Fig. 9. BER performance versus bubble size under different PPM modulation orders.

Download full size | View in the Article

N×	0×	3×	6×	9×	12×	15×
Bubble Density P_Bubble	0	9–12	23–27	27–33	32–38	35–38
N×	0×	3×	6×	9×	12×	15×
Bubble Size (mm) D_Bubble	0	1.2	1.8	2.5	$> 2.8$	$> 2.8$

Table 1. Bubble Density and Size in Different Grades of Air Flow Rate

View in the Article

Bubble Density		0×	3×	6×	9×	12×	15×
$σ_{I, m}^{2}$		$2.32 e^{- 6}$	$6.2 e^{- 3}$	$1.1 e^{- 2}$	$1.55 e^{- 2}$	$1.83 e^{- 2}$	$2.13 e^{- 2}$
L	GoF (%)	89.3	98.2	99.0	98.3	98.1	96.8
	$μ$	$- 6.6 e^{- 7}$	$- 3.0 e^{- 3}$	$- 5.5 e^{- 3}$	$- 7.8 e^{- 3}$	$- 8.9 e^{- 3}$	$- 10 e^{- 3}$
	$σ^{2}$	$1.0 e^{- 3}$	$7.9 e^{- 2}$	$1.1 e^{- 1}$	$1.2 e^{- 1}$	$1.3 e^{- 1}$	$1.4 e^{- 1}$
G	GoF (%)	89.3	98.2	98.9	98.0	97.3	95.7
	$k$	$7.6 e^{+ 5}$	162	91	65	56	48
	$θ$	$1.3 e^{- 6}$	$6.2 e^{- 3}$	$1.1 e^{- 2}$	$1.5 e^{- 2}$	$1.8 e^{- 2}$	$2.1 e^{- 2}$
W	GoF (%)	89.1	89.2	89.7	89.4	84.7	82.9
	$β$	1.00	1.04	1.05	1.06	1.06	1.06
	$η$	1152	13.1	9.85	8.16	7.40	6.93

Table 2. Fitting Accuracy and Distribution Parameters of the Statistical Models under Different Bubble Densities

View in the Article

Bubble Size		0×	3×	6×	9×	12×	15×
$σ_{I, m}^{2}$		$1.32 e^{- 6}$	$9.76 e^{- 2}$	$1.38 e^{- 1}$	$1.46 e^{- 1}$	$1.71 e^{- 1}$	$1.84 e^{- 1}$
L	GoF (%)	89.3	–	–	–	–	–
	$μ$	$- 6.6 e^{- 7}$	–	–	–	–	–
	$σ^{2}$	$1.0 e^{- 3}$	–	–	–	–	–
G	GoF (%)	89.3	5	–	–	–	–
	$k$	$7.6 e^{+ 5}$	6.4	–	–	–	–
	$θ$	$1.3 e^{- 6}$	$1.6 e^{- 1}$	–	–	–	–
W	GoF (%)	89.1	28	2.7	–	–	–
	$β$	1.00	1.10	1.11	–	–	–
	$η$	1152	3.98	3.08	–	–	–
GEVD	GoF (%)	–	91.6	89.5	86.7	75.4	67.6
	$k$	–	$- 1.0$	$- 0.9$	$- 0.8$	$- 0.8$	$- 0.8$
	$σ^{2}$	–	$3.32 e^{- 1}$	$4.1 e^{- 1}$	$4.2 e^{- 1}$	$4.7 e^{- 1}$	$4.9 e^{- 1}$
	$μ$	–	1.00	0.98	0.97	0.95	0.95

Table 3. Fitting Accuracy and Distribution Parameters of the Statistical Models under Different Bubble Sizes

Daomin Chen, Jiemei Wang, Shangbin Li, Zhengyuan Xu, "Effects of air bubbles on underwater optical wireless communication [Invited]," Chin. Opt. Lett. 17, 100008 (2019)

Download Citation

EndNote(RIS)

BibTex

Plain Text

Set citation alerts for the article

Tools

Set citation alerts for the article

Save the article for my favorites

Paper Information

微信扫一扫：分享

微信扫一扫：分享