Low-heat Portland cement is widely accepted in high-grade mass concrete projects for its low hydration heat to reduce the risk of structural cracking caused by thermal stresses. In addition, the stability of strength growth under high temperature determines that it can be used in high temperature engineering environment. Competent volume stability is beneficial to solving the problem of concrete structure cracking. High late-strength and corrosion resistance are suitable for the production and application of high-performance concrete. In this paper, some keypoints of low-heat Portland cement in hydration control, hydration products, microstructure and performance optimization were analyzed from the aspects of hydration process and performance characteristics. The performance characteristics of low-heat Portland cement such as hydrating stably in high temperature environment, corrosion resistance and volume stability were summarized, and the new application prospect of low-heat Portland cement in extreme environment and high heat environment was put forward.