The effect of experimental teaching is not only related to the degree of mastery of knowledge and improvement of skills, but also related to the cultivation of scientific literacy and native land emotion for students, which directly affects the effect of the cultivation of innovative talents in China. Here, we takes the plant physiology and biochemistry experimental course of “The Determination of Nitrate Reductase Activity” as an example, using the problem-based learning (PBL) teaching mode, and discusses the silent integration of ideological and political education from the aspects of teaching design, implementation plan and typical teaching activities. From the perspective of teaching effect, the students’ practical ability, innovation ability, ability to find and solve problems have been effectively improved, and the native land emotion, the awareness of the “Two Mountains”, the awareness of rural revitalization promoted by science and technology, and the awareness of agriculture, rural areas and farmers have been effectively enhanced. In conclusion, we provides a paradigm for innovative experimental teaching in agriculture and forestry colleges, and also provides a reference for efficient training of students’ comprehensive quality.