With the electromagnetic environment of the modern battlefield being increasingly complicated and the interleaving between different frequency and format radio frequency(RF) signals in intelligence reconnaissance, electronic countermeasures, communication and remote sensing systems, the wide bandwidth, anti-interference, and low losses superiority of the RF signal optical fiber transmission technology will play a key role in these systems. This paper reviews the characteristic and advantage of the RF signal optical fiber transmission technology, introduces the research status, development situation at home and abroad, and makes a vista of the RF signal optical fiber transmission technology.