Recently, Light-Emitting Diode (LED)-based Indoor Visible Light Communication (IVLC) technology is gradually becoming a research hot topic in the broadband communication access field. Currently，countries around the world are promoting the industrialization of 5G. One of the key requirements is that higher data transmission rates must be achieved. In order to further improve the transmission rate and system performance of IVLC system, it is necessary to introduce more advanced modulation and demodulation technologies.　This paper first introduces the research background and system model of IVLC technology, and then summarizes the research progress of technologies such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation, Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT) modulation, Carrierless Amplitude-Phase (CAP) modulation and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) in IVLC. Finally, the future development trend and challenges of IVLC technologies are analyzed.