Sustainable H2 generation from water splitting by solar-driven photocatalysis has been proposed as a promising alternative to increasingly reduced fossil fuels. However, such techniques still face great challenges in dynamics and thermodynamics.Biomass as a hole sacrificial agent is conducive to the generation of H2. Local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) can effectively use solar energy and convert it into high-energy "hot carriers", and realize high efficiency solar energy to chemical energy conversion. Copper alloy inherits the LSPR effect of copper particles. Palygorskite (Pal) is a natural hydrated magnesium silicate mineral with large surface area and certain acid sites. In this work, Pal-loaded plasma alloy nanocomposite was prepared for photocatalytic reforming cellulose for synergistic hydrogen production. The phosphate group-modified Pal provides a large number of acidic sites for cellulose hydrolysis and glucose. At the same time, the LSPR effect of CuNi alloy increases the reaction temperature, realizes the photothermal cooperative catalysis, and further enhances the catalyst activity.