Algae have an irreplaceable role in many fields. Laser Raman spectroscopy technology and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology have been widely used in various fields due to their advantages, such as no need of complicated preparation for the samples, less damaging for the sample, multi-element detections simultaneously, and so on. This paper introduces recent application progress of algae research based on the laser Raman spectroscopy technology and LIBS technology, and the development prospect is discussed.