In order to research the effects of silica fume substitution rate and polypropylene fiber content on the mechanical properties of concrete, WAW-1000 microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo universal testing machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) were used to analyze the dynamic and static compressive strength, material toughness, energy change and fragmentation degree of concrete specimens, and the mechanical properties of silica fume-polypropylene fiber double doped concrete under different mix ratios were obtained. The results show that with the increase of silica fume substitution rate (0%~9%, mass fraction), the dynamic and static compressive strength and toughness of double doped concrete increase first and then decrease. The dynamic and static compressive strength and toughness increase slowly with the increase of polypropylene fiber content (0~4 kg·m-3). The incorporation of silica fume and polypropylene fiber is conducive to improving the energy consumption effect of concrete and the mass ratio of fragmentation degree, and the transmission energy and mass ratio of fragmentation degree increase first and then decrease with the increase of silica fume substitution rate, and increase with the increase of polypropylene fiber content. The silica fume strengthens the interface bond between mortar and coarse aggregate, the messy distribution of polypropylene fiber restricts the development of cracks, and the combined effect of the two significantly improves the dynamic and static compressive strength, toughness, impact resistance and damage resistance of concrete.