For the X-ray timing and polarization (XTP) project in China,the optical structure of nested conical Wolter-I X-ray telescope was designed and optimized. Based on the theory of optical design of X-ray telescope, the optical parameters were calculated. By ABAQUS, the finite element model of nested telescope was established. The base-excitation method was used to carry out random vibration analysis. By switching layers, the stress of the telescope structure was reduced, which can meet the requirement of multilayers’ stress. This research provides a support for the design of X-ray telescope in XTP project.