To address the issue of diminished quality in bidirectional controlled quantum teleportation between space and ground during rainy conditions, this paper proposes a scheme based on a ten-particle entangled state. In this scheme, communication entities Alice and Bob are capable of simultaneously transmitting arbitrary two-particle quantum states bidirectionally, contingent upon approval from the satellite’s control unit, Charlie. Furthermore, to investigate the impact of rainy conditions on the performance of this teleportation scheme, taking amplitude damping noise channels as an example, the study analyzes the fidelity and influencing factors of bidirectional controlled quantum entanglement-based teleportation between space and ground. Lastly, to counteract the effects of rainy conditions, weak measurement and reversal measurement operations are employed to safeguard quantum entanglement. Theoretical analysis and simulation results demonstrate that weak measurement and reversal measurement operations can effectively enhance the fidelity of space-to-ground teleportation, highlighting the potential value of the approach presented in this paper for improving the quality of controlled quantum teleportation in rainy environments. This research offers valuable insights and methodologies for the application of quantum communication in challenging environmental conditions.