Optical property of phytoplankton is studied based on the physical and biological properties in China Sea. A new algorithm, combined with global system for mobile communication model and fluorescence model, is applied to retrieve the phytoplankton information. In the algorithm, twice optimization procedure is performed to get the best results. This combined algorithm is applied to simulate the underwater light field by using Hydrolight. The comparison of the sinulation results and synthetic data shows that the algorithm is effective to retrieve the optical information of phytoplankton. In addition, by using optical satellite data (MERIS) and the dynamic parameters, the impact of NALGAE on phytoplankton distribution is analyzed. The result shows Ekman pumping is one of reasons for the ocean color anomalies.