Three-dimensional (3D) shape non-contract measurement with fringe projection profilometry is a primary method for measuring the size of complex objects in many areas. However, for an object whose surface has both high reflectivity and low reflectivity areas, rapid and accurate 3D measurements have been the research object of many scholars, and is considered an urgent problem that needs to be solved in the industry. In this study, the phase errors of different fringe projection intensity amplitudes at different signal-to-noise ratios are first obtained using both theoretical and simulation analysis. Further, a new method, which can achieve the high dynamic range shape measurements without requiring calibration of the measured surface reflectivity and the optimal projection fringe intensity amplitude in advance, is proposed. Specifically, two appropriate different fringe intensity amplitudes are projected, and the measurement results are combined. The feasibility and effectiveness of this method are verified experimentally. Finally, the 3D shape measurement experiment is carried out on the surface of the measured object with large reflectivity difference. According to the experimental results, this method can not only effectively measure a surface with a large range of reflectivity variations, but can also improve the measurement efficiency and provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the effectiveness of the recently proposed high-speed measurement method (double-shot-in-single-illumination).