This study systematically analyzed and compared various snapshot imaging techniques.According to the method of spectral data cube segmentation in 2D space, snapshot spectral imaging techniques are divided into four categories: image segmentation, aperture segmentation, optical path segmentation, and frequency segmentation. The principles, advantages, disadvantages, and current status of 17 technical schemes werestudied for each category.The analysis and comparisonwere based on the following five aspects: the tradeoff between the spectral channels and spatial pixels, matching of space and spectrum, space continuous sampling, light utilization, and detector dynamic range.The results of our study will help researchers in related fields to quickly and comprehensively understand the research status of snapshot spectral imaging, and in addition the results will lay a foundation for further improvement of the overall performance of these techniques.