A head-mounted vein imaging optical system composed by the infrared imaging system and see-through head-mounted eyepiece displayer is designed to greatly improve the success rate of intravenous medication. The near infrared imaging system has large numerical aperture of F/1.59, which is beneficial to the collection of the weak infrared scattered light. We choose quadric surface design of rotational symmetry, the weight of the imaging system is 22.2% lighter than the corresponding spherical system. The structure of the see-through head-mounted eyepiece displayer is simple and compact, because of its quadric surface design of rotational symmetry, which is 44.4% lighter than the corresponding spherical system. The design results show that the imaging quality of the near-infrared imaging system is excellent, and its resolution can reach extended graphics array (XGA) (1024 pixel×768 pixel). The see-through head-mounted eyepiece display gets a 10 mm exit pupil, a 50 mm eye relief, a maximum field curvature of 0.068D (D is diopter), a maximum relative distortion of 0.372% and display model resolution of XGA (1024 pixel×768 pixel). The total weight of binocular system is about 44 g. Comparing with the current vein display system, it has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, large numerical aperture, high resolution and light weight, etc.