To meet the applications of high energy laser annular beam in near-field and far-field, the expressions of light field distribution and the light intensity distribution in near-field region and far-field from electromagnetic wave diffraction integral equation were obtained and analysed. It can be concluded that the light intensity distribution was decided by the finite aperture, central obscure ratio and transmission distance of gaussian beam. Furthermore, atmospheric turbulence was introduced, by the method of phase screen, the atmospheric transmissions of annular light beam in different turbulence intensities were simulated. Due to the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the consequences of far-field spot distortion, spot crushing, beam expansion and drifting were studied and analysed. Finally, the numerical simulation and experiment of annular light beam atmospheric transmission in near-field were carried out. The results show that the spot central intensity becomes stronger and stronger, the spot intensity gradually tends to be more uniform, and the average intensity is near gaussian distribution with the increase of transmission distance. Because of the influence of atmospheric turbulence, the near-field annular beam dispersion and spot distortion increases also.