Contents
2024
Volume: 44 Issue 5
41 Article(s)

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Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy Analysis Technology and Application in Food Subsurface Detection
LIU Zhen-fang, HUANG Min, ZHU Qi-bing, ZHAO Xin, and YAN Sheng-q
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1201 (2024)
Research Progress and Trends of CDs-Based Fluorescent Probes in the Detection of Fermented Foods Such as Alcoholic Beverages
CHEN Hong-qin, YAN Meng-ru, YAN Heng, LI Yuan-lin, HUANG Yong-guang, and CHENG Yu-xin
Fermented food is an indispensable part of the human food chain. Due to complex raw materials, processes and strain fermentation, there are certain limitations in its rapid and intuitive analysis of flavor components, determination of harmful substances, and identification of counterfeit and inferior products. Carbon d
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1209 (2024)
Recent Advances in the Application of the Field-Portable Hyperspectral Radiometer to Characterize Materials Concerning Cultural Heritage
WANG Cong, Mara Camaiti, LIU Dai-yun, TIE Fu-de, and CAO Yi-jian
Cultural heritage is the precious, non-renewable cultural resource of all humanity. Due to the preciousness of cultural heritage and also based on the basic principle of minimal intervention in heritage conservation, non-destructive analysis has always been the most important technology for materials characterization i
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1218 (2024)
Research on Spectral Reflectance Reconstruction Sample Selection Based on NSGA-Ⅱ Algorithm
LIN Lu, WANG Zhi-feng, and LI Chao
To solve the problems of heavy workload and low reconstruction accuracy caused by the large number of training samples in the process of spectral reflectance reconstruction, a sample selection method for spectral reflectance reconstruction based on the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm was proposed. Recently, Liang et al. proposed a ne
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1227 (2024)
Preparation of Silver Film Based on Odontotermes Formosanus Wings and SERS Detection of Harmful Substances
TIAN Tian, CHANG Fa-xian, ZHANG De-qing, SI Min-zhen, and YANG Yong-an
In this paper, using magnetron sputtering technology, the 3D SERS substrates (Ag/OFW substrates) were prepared by depositing silver films on the wings of Odontotermes Formosanus(commonly known as flying ants). By optimizing the preparation conditions, it was found that the substrate possessed the best enhancement effec
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1233 (2024)
Nano-Resolution TXM-XANES Study of the Chemistry and Morphology of Lithium Battery Cathode Materials
GAO Ruo-yang, ZHANG Ling, TAO Fen, WANG Jun, SU Bo, BI Zhi-jie, DU Guo-hao, DENG Biao, and XIAO Ti-qiao
High-nickel ternary cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries are one of the research hot spots in energy storage. After multiple cycles, the internal chemical in homogeneity and morphological defects of the materials will cause battery failure and performance degradation. Understanding changes in battery capacity de
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1239 (2024)
Study on Detection of Antibiotic Residues in Eggs by Laser-Induced Fluorescence
CHENG Wen-xuan, ZHANG Qing-xian, LIU Yu, and ZOU Li-kou
In recent years, the issue of excessive antibiotic residues in the poultry egg industry has drawn considerable attention as a serious food safety concern. Currently, immunoassay, high-performance liquid chromatography, and microbial detection are the three primary techniques used to detect antibiotic residues in livest
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1245 (2024)
Vibrational Mode Analysis of Leucine and Isoleucine Terahertz Spectra
LIU Xiao-song, ZHAO Guo-zhong1, and QU Yuan
As organic compounds containing an alkaline amino group and acidic carboxyl group, an amino acid is the basic unit of protein, whose type, quantity and arrangement directly affect the biological function of protein with great significance to maintain the body function. Most amino acid intermolecular vibrational modes (
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1255 (2024)
Influence of Mediums Optical Properties on Glucose Detection Sensitivity in Tissue Phantoms
GE Qing, LIU Jin, HAN Tong-shuai, LIU Wen-bo, LIU Rong, and XU Ke-xin
Due to the extremely weak blood glucose signal carried by photons transmitted through human tissues, the sensitivity of near-infrared spectroscopy for measuring blood glucose is low, making it difficult to achieve high accuracy. Therefore, ongoing research has attempted to enhance sensitivity by optimizing measurement
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1262 (2024)
Terahertz Detection and Density Functional Theory Identify Analysis of Typical Feed Amino Acid
LIANG Shuang, WANG Ying, ZHAO Wen-wen, ZHANG Zhi-yong, YUE Jian-min, and LI Bin
To explore the terahertz band fingerprint properties of typical amino acids used for feeding low-protein diets to livestock and poultry and their correlation with molecular structure, this paper presents experimental analysis and theoretical vibrational calculations of six feed amino acids, including methionine, based
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1269 (2024)
Mid-IR Laser Absorption Diagnosis on Flow Characteristics for Mars Entry
ZENG Hui, WEN Peng, YANG Guo-ming, ZHU Xing-ying, and OU Dong-bin
The Mars exploration mission is important to the national deep space exploration project. The successful landing of “Tianwen” on Mars in 2021 is a big step forward in Chinas space exploration and research on Mars. The Martian atmosphere is mainly dominated by carbon dioxide, and the surface pressure is much lower than
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1277 (2024)
Spectral Ripple Algorithm Based on Asymmetric Polynomial Fitting
SUN Sheng-lin, XU Hong-jie, YANG Sheng-min, FANG Jia-hao, and LIANG Jia-hui
Super luminescent diode (SLD) and amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light sources are often used in fiber optic gyroscopes. Their wide spectrum can effectively suppress the influence of polarization noise, back reflection and Rayleigh scattering. Ripple, as an important index in SLD and ASE light sources, mainly com
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1283 (2024)
Research of Induction Delay Line Anode Photon Counting Detector
ZHANG Rui-li, LIU Yong-an, ZHANG Ya-long, YANG Xiang-hui, LIU Zhe, SU Tong, ZHAO Bao-sheng, and SHENG Li-zhi
In this paper, we developed a photo-counting imaging detector based on the delay-line anode with induction readout, which has the advantages of high sensitivity and large detective area features. This novel detector is expected to be used in space astronomy, bioluminescence and spectral measurement applications. This d
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1291 (2024)
Analysis and Calculation of Escape Peaks in Silicon Drift Detectors
LIAO Xue-liang, LIU Ming-bo, CHENG Da-wei, and SHEN Xue-jing
During the detection process, the silicon drift detector (SDD) used in energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry will form escape peaks on the low-energy side of the solid characteristic peaks generated by the individual elements to be measured with high content, and the corresponding characteristic peaks are a
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1297 (2024)
Green-Light Emitted Nanocomposites of Gd, N-Doped Carbon Dots/Hydrotalcite for Recognition of Latent Fingerprints
ZHANG Xing-fu, ZHANG Xiao-tong, LI Da-wu, YOU Nan, and DING Bao-hong
Carbon dots (CDs) areone of the green nano-fluorescent agents. Suspension of CDs can show good fluorescence performance. However, aggregation-induced quenching effects in solid-state CDs can lead to the disappearance of the fluorescence properties of CDs powder, which limits their practicability. In this work, CDs are
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1301 (2024)
Determination of Mineral Elements and Dissolution Characteristics in Lycium Ruthenicum Murray
ZHANG Chen-ling, HAN Mei, LIU Jia, JIA Na, LIU Bing-bing, and ZHANG Yong-tao
Lycium ruthenicum Murray (Solanaceae Lycium) is rich in various mineral elements, which have extremely important biological effects on the growth and development of human beings. Lycium ruthenicum Murray is a homologous substance used in medicine and food. It is necessary to analyze its dissolution characteristics and
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1307 (2024)
Research on Fast ICA Blind Separation Algorithm of Mixed Hyperspectral and Influencing Factors
DAI Jia-le, WANG Jin-hua, LI Meng-qian, HAN Xiu-li, and MIAO Ruo-fan
Hyperspectral analysis of mixtures is a key technology for nondestructive testing of minerals. The spectral reflectance variation of mixtures in the 350 nm to 2 500 nm interval is regarded as a one-dimensional sequence signal with time-domain variation, and the mixture spectral separation is transformed into a blind so
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1312 (2024)
Application of Fluorescent Probe Tetraphenyl-1,3-Butadiene in the Detection of Antibiotics
WANG Rui, ZHENG Lu-ying, HU Bo, ZHANG Xin-yu, ZHAO Si-si, and ZHANG Hang
Antibiotics have the advantages of strong antibacterial activity and low cost and have been widely used in production and daily life. However, the abuse of antibiotics may lead to their accumulation in the human body or food, causing public health problems such as ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, allergic reactions, and ba
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1321 (2024)
The Distributions and Spectral Characteristics of Molecular Weight-Fractionated Dissolved Organic Matter Derived From Mushroom Residue and Rice Straw Compost
CHENG Ao, CHEN Dan, REN Lan-tian, JI Wen-chao, FAN Xing-jun, LIU Xiao-long, and YU Xu-fang
Molecular weight (MW) is an important factor affecting compost DOMs chemical properties and environmental behavior. However, the current understanding of the MW distribution of compost DOM still needs to be clarified. This study employed ultrafiltration to separate the different MW fractions from the DOM in mushroom r
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1330 (2024)
Spectral Pattern Recognition of Erasable Ink Based on Hilbert Filter
WANG Xiao-bin, ZHANG Ao-lin, ZOU Ying-fang, and YANG Lei
The authenticity of documents is an important work in the current stage of litigation review. In judicial cases, erasablepens are often used to forge documents, contracts and other criminal acts. The identification of ink composition and handwriting modification is the key research in the field of document inspection.
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1338 (2024)
Non-Destructive Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Physical and Chemical Indicator of Pork Meat
LIU Yu-ming, WANG Qiao-hua, CHEN Yuan-zhe, LIU Cheng-kang, FAN Wei, ZHU Zhi-hui, and LIU Shi-wei
China is the worlds largest pork producer and consumer. The quality of pork affects the quality of protein intake for people. There needs to be more effective rapid non-destructive testing methods to cope with the huge testing needs. In order to rapidly determine volatile salt nitrogen (TVB-N), pH and moisture content
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1346 (2024)
Simultaneous Determination of Five Banned Sartan Compounds in Antihypertensive Health Food Using Thin-Layer Chromatography Combined With Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TLC-SERS)
HUANG Li-jun, ZHUANG Shun-qian, FENG Yong-wei, YANG Fang-wei, SUN Zhen, XIE Yun-fei, and XUE Qing-hai
Due to the current unhealthy diet structure and lifestyle habits, as well as the aging population and other factors, the incidence of chronic diseases such as hypertension is gradually increasing, and people gradually favor antihypertensive health food. However, in order to improve the efficacy of healthy food, there a
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1354 (2024)
Early Apple Bruise Detection Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Near Infrared Camera Multi-Band Imaging
YANG Zeng-rong, WANG Huai-bin, TIAN Mi-mi, LI Jun-hui, and ZHAO Long-lian
Early light bruising in apples is an important factor affecting apple quality. Since early minor bruises cannot be identified by the naked eye in visible light, and in order to control the time of bruise production, a red Fuji apple was selected as the research object, and different degrees of apple bruises were artifi
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1364 (2024)
Mineralogical and Spectral Characteristics of Azurite Ores From Different Origins
XU Cui-xiang, CHEN Yu-di, ZOU Tao, and YANG Ying
Azurite is a copper-containing carbonate mineral that occurs in the oxidation zone of copper deposits. It is a secondary mineral, and its presence can serve as an indicator for searching primary copper deposits. There is relatively little spectroscopic research on azurite by domestic scholars, and the comparison of min
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1372 (2024)
BRRDF Simulation Study on the Influence of Atmospheric Turbulence on LIF Detection of Sea Surface Oil Spill
XIE Bei-bei, ZHAO Jia-wei, ZHOU Xuan-yu, ZHANG Xiao-dan, and LIU Yu-jia
Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) can be integrated into unmanned aerial vehicles to build LIF radar systems for marine environmental monitoring. The LIF radar system operates in the atmosphere, where atmospheric turbulence induces signal attenuation. The Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRRDF) can descr
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1379 (2024)
Study on the Identification Method of Lycium Barbarum Cultivars in Ningxia Based on Infrared Spectrum and Cluster Analysis
XU Rong, AO Dong-mei, XU Xin, WANG Zhan-lin, HU Ying, LIU Sai, QIAO Hai-li, and XU Chang-qing
Lycium barbarum(Lycii Fructus, wolfberry) is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal material for medicine and food. Ningxia Zhongning wolfberry cultivars have been introduced to Gansu, Xinjiang, Qinghai and other provinces. Due to long-term introduction and improvement, there are many varieties of Lycium barbarum, on
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1386 (2024)
Identification of Sorghum Breed by Hyperspectral Image Technology
SONG Shao-zhong1, LIU Yuan-yuan, ZHOU Zi-yang, TENG Xing, LI Ji-hong, LIU Jun-ling, and GAO Xun
Sorghum is an important raw material for liquor brewing. The components of sorghum are very important to the trace components and quality of liquor, and the quality of sorghum can affect the quality and flavor of liquor. Therefore, the nondestructive and rapid identification of sorghum breeds is an urgent and important
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1392 (2024)
Study on Abnormal Wear Location of Integrated Transmission Components Based on Oil Spectral Data
XU Feng, ZHANG Qian-qian, JI Wen-long, JIA Ran, ZHANG Peng, and ZHENG Chang-song
Wear is one of the important factors affecting the working reliability and service life of the integrated transmission device. Abnormal wear of the components of the integrated transmission device will reduce its operating efficiency and even cause its random failure, resulting in significant economic and military loss
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1398 (2024)
New Nondestructive Method of Methanol Detection in Insulating Oil Based on Terahertz Spectrum
HE Yu-xin, YANG Li-jun, YU Hua, CHEN Qi-yu, CHENG Li, and LIAO Rui-jin
Methanol is a unique aging marker of cellulose in oil-paper insulation. Headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and spectrophotometry are the main methods for measuring methanol, which have a complex and long testing process. Raman spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy also make it difficult to realize the perc
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1405 (2024)
On Line Simultaneous Measurement of CO/CO2/H2S Concentration Based on Laser Absorption Spectrum
ZHANG Xue-jun, CHEN Qin-gen, YANG Zhan, DENG Qin, HE Shuan-ling, and PENG Zhi-min
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1412 (2024)
Prediction Method of Wool Content in Waste Spinning Samples Based on Semi Supervised Regression of Generative Adversarial Network
HU Jin-quan, YANG Hui-hua, ZHAO Guo-liang, ZHOU Rui-zhi, and LI Ling-qiao
In this paper, a semi-supervised regression method based on a Generative adversarial network is proposed to meet the demand for online sorting for waste textile recycling, which uses some labeled samples and a large number of unlabeled samples to train the semi-supervised regression. The semi-supervised regression cons
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1417 (2024)
Three-Scale Deconstruction and Sparse Representation of Infrared and Visible Image Fusion
JI Jing-yu, ZHANG Yu-hua, XING Na, WANG Chang-long, LIN Zhi-long, and YAO Jiang-yi
To improve the processing performance of source images with noise and improve the contrast and structural information of the fused images, an infrared and visible image fusion algorithm based on three-scale decomposition and sparse representation is proposed. First, to enhance the noise removal effect and maintain the
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1425 (2024)
Measurements of CRCS Dunhuang Gobi Surface Reflectance Spectrum Using Multi-Rotor UAV and Its Calibration Evaluations
ZHANG Yong, XU Han-lie, ZHANG Li-jun, LI Yuan, SUN Ling, QIN Dan-yu, RONG Zhi-guo, HU Xiu-qing, LU Qi-feng, and LU Nai-meng
The satellite-ground synchronous observation experiment at China Radiometric Calibration Sites (CRCS) Dunhuang is one of the primary methods for achieving absolute radiometric calibration of Chinas meteorology, oceanography, land resource, environmental disaster monitoring, and military series satellite optical imagin
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1439 (2024)
Effect of Differential Spectral Transformation on Soil Heavy Metal Content Inversion Accuracy
BAI Zong-fan, HAN Ling1, JIANG Xu-hai, and WU Chun-lin
With the increasing development of industry and agriculture in China, heavy metal pollution in soil represented by nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), etc. , has a serious impact on human life. Hyperspectral technology has advantages such as being real-time, non-destructive, and fast, which p
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1449 (2024)
Research on Spectral Feature Extraction and Detection Method of Rice Leaf Blast by UAV Hyperspectral Remote Sensing
LIU Zi-yang, FENG Shuai, ZHAO Dong-xue, LI Jin-peng, GUAN Qiang, and XU Tong-yu
To determine the optimal classification model for unmanned aerial hyperspectral remote sensing for detection of leaf blast in rice canopies, the research is based on rice field trials, hyperspectral images of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the 400~1 000 nm band were acquired, referring to the national standard GBT
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1457 (2024)
An Improved XGBoosting Algorithm Based on Fat Content in Infant Milk Powder Prediction Model
ZHANG Wen-jing, XUE He-ru, JIANG Xin-hua, LIU Jiang-ping, and HUANG Qing
Fat plays an essential role in the composition of infant formula. Not only is fat a vital component of a babys growth and development, but it also provides essential energy for growth. It is crucial for the development of the infant brain and the formation of nerve myelin. Chemical methods for determining the fat cont
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1464 (2024)
Evaluation of Soil As Concentration Estimation Method Based on Spectral Indices
NING Jing, ZOU Bin, TU Yu-long, ZHANG Xia, WANG Yu-long, and TIAN Rong-cai
To explore the validity and applicability of the estimation of soil arsenic (As) content based on spectral indices, 42 soil samples were collected from a farmland in Hebei Province, China. The reflectance spectra and As content were respectively determined by using a PSR-3500 portable ground spectrometer and Inductivel
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1472 (2024)
Study on the Effect of Nano Zinc Oxide on the Intrinsic and Spectral Properties of Perovskite Films
YU Man, XIE Guo-xin, ZHAO Xiao-juan, and LI Zhao
Organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells have become a research hotspot in the photovoltaic field due to their excellent photoelectric properties, low preparation costs, and high conversion efficiency. As the core layer of perovskite devices, the electron transport layer mainly plays a role in extracting
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1482 (2024)
Research of Flame Retardant Mechanism of Rigid Polyurethane Foam/Steel Slag/Aluminum Hypophosphite Composites Based on Spectroscopy Analysis
LIU Meng-ru, DAI Zhen, LONG Hong-ming, ZHANG Hao, JI Yi-long, YANG Ya-dong, and TANG Gang
The excellent performance of rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) makes it widely used in various fields, but its flammability has laid an enormous security risk in the application process. As a solid waste discharged after refining iron concentrate, steel slag (SS) causes environmental pollution problems due to its low comp
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1487 (2024)
Identification of Citri Grandis Fructus Immaturus Based on Hyperspectral Combined With HHO-KELM
XIE Bai-heng, MA Jin-fang, ZHOU Yong-xin, HAN Xue-qin, CHEN Jia-ze, ZHU Si-qi, YANG Mao-xun, and HUANG Fu-rong
Citri grandis fructus immaturus is a local Chinese medicinal material with a long history of medicinal use in Guangdong Province, because the higher the price of the product with the older the production year, the phenomenon of shoddy charging is often in the market. The study used hyperspectral imaging technology comb
Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1494 (2024)
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Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis
  • Publication Date: Aug. 21, 2024
  • Vol. 44, Issue 5, 1 (2024)
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